FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION FOR PADDY

Content Introduction Recommendation variation Fertilizer Recommendation-2001 Subsidy scheme Conclusion

Why need Fertilizer ??? The most crucial factor for the yield of rice is soil nutrients The objective of fertilizing is to replenish the soil from loss of soil nutrients via; continuous cultivation on same land removal of harvest and straw leach to soil with water and decomposition So to get high yield need fertilizer

Recommendation varies…….. Agro-Climatic Region - According to Agro-Climatic zone’s potential of yield the areas are categorized in to 3 groups; Dry and Intermediate zone Upcountry and Mid Country wet and Intermediate zone Wet zone Age category- 3M,3 ½ M ,4M,4 ½ M

Cont……… Potential yield recommendations for expected yield 80 , 100 ,120 , >140 bushels per acre Cropping system – Rice-Rice , Rice-vegetable Rice-OFC Soil type

Special consideration on 2001 recommendation

Improvement of soil fertility According to latest results SL soils deficit for: Organic matter 60% Phosphorus 70% Exchangeable potassium65%

Organic manure recommendation Following quantities of organic manures are recommended Along with first ploughing -total amount of previous season rice straw as small heaps After second ploughing -5t/ha of FYM or compost or poultry litter (layers) -2.5 t/ha of green manure At final stage of land preparation 250 kg of half burn paddy husk charcoal

Inorganic fertilizer…. DOA always recommend straight fertilizers (cheap and free of adulterant , can be used in necessary amounts) Apply BD before sowing or planting and prior to leveling At 2nd ,5th ,7-8th weeks after sowing apply MOP and TSP Use more Urea for 2 ½ M and 3M variety Apply the urea amount in two times with in the particular week for more results If it is for seed paddy production apply 10 kg of Urea (of 3rd TD) before flowering

2. Inorganic fertilizers –recommended on the basis of yield potential of given area Agro -ecological zone yield potential LCWZ and LCIMZ a. 7 t/ha b. 6t/ha c. 5t/ha UCWZ , MCWZ and part of a. 5t/ha Gampaha district b. 4t/ha LCWZ a. 5t/ha

3.Zink Sulphate 4. Nitrogen fertilizer New recommendation 2001 onwards -until 2001 only N ,P ,K recommended -now 5 kg/ha of ZnSo4 only for Maha season 4. Nitrogen fertilizer Basal 12.5 kg/ha of Urea as basal and 3 to 4 applications as TDM Age class No of applications 3 - 3.5 M 3 4 - 4.5 M 4

5.Phosporus fertilizer Agro Ecological Zone Yield Potential (t/ha) Amount of TSP (kg/ha) LCDZ and LCIMZ 5 6 7 62.5 87.5 112.5 UCWZ and MCWZ 4 LCWZ To all paddy fields

6. Potassium fertilizer Agro Ecological zone Yield Potential (t/ha) Amount of MOP (kg/ha) LCDZ and LCIMZ 5 6 7 Basal At tillering at PI 37.5 - 25.0 37.5 - 37.5 37.5 - 50.0 UCWZ and MCWZ 4 LCWZ To all paddy fields 37.5 37.5 37.5

Recommendation 1 Recommendation 2 AEZ : LCDZ and IZ Districts : Anuradhapura ,Polonnaruwa , Ampara ,Trinco, Batticalo, Kurunegala,Vavunia and some areas of Ratnapura, Matale,Badulla, Matara,Kandy Yield levels :100,120,>140 bushel per acre Recommendation 2 AEZ :UP and MC wet zone, IZ and part of Gampaha District Districts : Nuwara-Eliya and some areas of Kandy,Badulla,Matale,Gampaha Yield levels : 80 ,100 bushels per acre

Recommendation 3 AEZ : LCWZ (soil category 1) Districts : Colombo ,Kalutara , Galle ,and some areas of Gampaha , Ratnapura and Matara Yield levels : 80 bushels per acre only AEZ : LCWZ (soil category 11) Districts : Gampaha ( Mirigama ,Attanagalla, Divulapitita and Minuwangoda Yield levels : 80 ,100 bushels per acre

Fertilizer Recommendation 1 for Paddy 3 month variety To obtain 100 bu/ac To obtain 120 bu/ac To obtain 140 bu/ac Fertilizer (Kg/ac) Urea TSP MOP Basal dressing 5 25 15 35 45 1st top dressing - 40 50 2nd top dressing 10 60 70 20 Total requirement 90 105 30 125 Source: Rice Research Institution, Batalagoda, 2004

Important When use inorganic fertilizers always apply with organic fertilizers For higher yielding areas in Gampaha district recommended Urea amount (BD) is higher than other areas Areas in Wayamba province which receive higher rainfall a special fertilizer recommendation is used.

Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) Common fertilizers Source Nutrient(%) Price (Rs/Kg) Urea Nitrogen(45) 65.00 Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) Phosphorous (21) 70.00 Murate of Potash (MOP) Potassium (60) 100.00 ZnSo4 Zink 140.00

Factors determining fertilizer use efficiency Soil Crop and variety Season Time of planting Water management Weed control Insect and disease control Cropping sequence Time of fertilizer application

Fertilizer subsidy scheme Main objective: To make available the fertilizers cheaply and encourage its wider use to enhance the productivity (High yielding varieties are highly fertilizer responsive) First introduced in 1962 Urea, Sulphate of Amonia, Muriete of Potash (MOP) and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) were subsidized first. Reintroduced in 1994

Cont……. During the period 1994 to 1997, the fertilizer subsidy scheme underwent several changes In 1997 the government decided to restrict the fertilizer subsidy only to Urea December 2005, the government decided to reintroduce subsidy scheme for all types of fertilizer by fixing their selling price. However, this scheme is restricted only for paddy farmers. Expenditure on fertilizer subsidy in Sri Lanka Rs. 6,846 mn in 2005

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