1 Prof. Ming-Jer Chen Department of Electronics Engineering National Chiao-Tung University 02/24/ /24/2015 DEE3517 Solid State Physics (1) Lecture 1a: Introduction

2 Historical Events Leading to the Birth of Solid State Physics: Starting from a crystal structure (in real space, periodic arrays of atoms, with a long-range order) two centuries ago by mineralogists (integer index numbers of surface orientations) (in 1850, Bravais lattice) In Munich in 1912, X-ray diffraction patterns (in k-space, seen by particles) of crystals was observed, pioneered by Von Laue and his co-workers, theoretically and experimentally Initiating Quantum Mechanics with its application to the establishment of Solid State Physics Extending to non-crystalline (no long-range order) solids – Condensed Matter Physics

3 ( under Max Planck and Sommerfeld ) In 1912, von Laue discovered the diffraction of X-rays by crystals and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in In 1895, Wilhelm Rontgen discovered X-rays. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in From Wikipedia

4 After von Laue’s pioneering research, in 1912 the Braggs, father and son, experimentally discovered the Bragg law of the X-ray diffraction. Bragg’s X-ray experiment led to the discovery of the structure of DNA in From Wikipedia

5 In 1926, Schrodinger published the wave equation. In 1927, Heisenberg published the uncertainty principle. From Wikipedia ( all under Sommerfeld ) In 1925, Pauli published the exclusion principle.

6 Solid State Physics is essential and crucial to our EE People. Why? Deep and Wide

7 How to capture Solid State Physics? “Shut up and Calculate” quoted by N. David Mermin

8 What you may do in this Solid State Physics (1) class: (Textbook assigned in class) Charles Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 8 th edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Exactly following the historical trace, including state-of-the-art Neil W. Ashcroft and N. David Mermin, Solid State Physics, Brooks/Cole, Weak forces of and between atoms, then the Strong forces of and between atoms; a classic but very useful book Ming-Jer Chen, Lecture Notes, Greater Details TA - Extra Assistance Google

9 Course Content: Crystal structure: 1D, 2D, and 3D - How to deal with a crystal in different real spaces X-ray diffraction: - Evidence of k-space, in addition to real space Reciprocal Space (Lattice) - The k-space seen by particles Crystal binding - How atoms are condensed in forming a crystal Phonons - Lattice vibrations Thermal properties - Phonons Free electron gas - Electrical and thermal conduction Energy band - Level to band and the gap between bands Scoring: 100% exams (2 midterm exams and 1 final exam)