1 st year Home Economics Special Diets

Vegetarians Lacto-vegetarians do not eat meat or fish but do eat animal products such as milk, cheese and eggs. Vegans, (strict vegetarians), eat only plant foods such as fruit, vegetables, nuts, cereals and soya milk. They will not eat anything that has come from an animal

Advantages of vegetarianism Healthy diet: It is low in fat and high in fibre - can help to maintain a healthy weight. It can be a cheaper diet to follow

Why do people become vegetarian They don’t like the idea of killing animals for food. They don’t like the taste &/or smell of meat. Religious reasons. Peers/family guidance.

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Diabetes Diabetes is a disorder that occurs when the pancreas does not produce any/enough insulin to meet the body’s needs, causing abnormally high levels of sugar in the blood. Reduced/no insulin means sugar stays in the blood. Body cells do not get enough fuel to function properly and literally begin starving to death. It can be controlled.

There are two types of diabetes Type 1 diabetes, also called insulin-dependent diabetes, the body produces little or no insulin and so insulin injections need to be taken daily. Type 2 diabetes, also called non-insulin- dependent diabetes Most people with type 2 diabetes do not have to inject insulin, but some do. It is mainly controlled through dietary changes

Dietary guidelines for diabetics Reach and maintain your ideal weight and take plenty of exercise. Eat regularly—don’t skip meals. Keep to a low-sugar diet. Eat high-fibre carbohydrates such as brown bread and pasta. Diabetic foods, such as diabetic chocolate, are available, but is it good to get out of the habit of eating sweet-tasting foods.

Eat fewer foods from the top of the food pyramid. Bake, grill, boil, steam or microwave food: avoid frying food. Use polyunsaturated margarine, e.g. Flora. Eat plenty of fruit and vegetables. Drink eight glasses of water per day. Choose chicken and fish instead of fatty red meats. Use low-fat products. Low-fat diet

Coeliac disease Gluten is a type of protein found in wheat and some other cereals. A person suffering from coeliac disease cannot break gluten down. The big undigested gluten molecules damage the walls of the intestine as they pass through. The symptoms of the condition are pains in the abdomen, diarrhoea, failure to thrive and anaemia. There is only one way of treating coeliac disease: avoid all foods containing gluten.

Foods to avoid All wheat products: biscuits, bread, cakes, pasta, many breakfast cereals. Processed meat products such as sausages and fish or anything else in batter or breadcrumbs. Packet soups and sauces, many snack foods.

Gluten-free foods and foods very low in gluten Fruit, vegetables, dairy products such as milk and cheese. Rice, soya products such as TVP. Plain meat and fish. Maize products such as cornflakes. Specially made gluten-free products such as bread and cakes.

Gluten Free products

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