1 Making Sense of Software Architecture Research and Development Experience Yan Liu 12/4/2015

2 Outline About Me Research Overview Adaptive Middleware Research Outcomes Position Alignment

3 About Me July 2007 – present Senior Researcher, Managing Complexity Theme, NICTA Conjoint Senior Lecturer, School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales March 2004 – June 2007 Researcher, Empirical Software Engineering, NICTA, Lecturer, CSE, UNSW March 2001 – March 2004 PhD, University of Sydney Thesis – A framework of performance prediction of component-based applications

4 Research Vision Devising architectures, frameworks and analysis models, to improve the performance and dependability of large distributed software systems.

5 Research Techniques Software Architecture Performance modeling Architecture design & evaluation Adaptive self- managing systems Queuing theory Statistic analysis Stochastic process Model driven development Arch. evaluation Component-based engineering Auction mechanisms Performance modeling Policy-based configuration

6 Applications Software Architecture Middleware Applications Embedded Systems Integrated Service Systems Architecture evaluation Performance modeling Component-based development Architecture evaluation Resource allocation Self-managing and adaptation Model driven development Capacity planning

7 Applications Software Architecture Middleware Applications Embedded Systems Integrated Service Systems Architecture Evaluation for Middleware-based Airborne Mission Systems (collaborated with Defence Science and Technology Office) e-PASA – Performance Assessment of e-Government Service Architecture (collaborated with Medicare and Australian Tax Office) CAmkES – Component Architecture for microkernel-based Embedded Systems (collaborated with RTOS Group and Open Kernel Labs TM )

8 Research Experience Developing Adaptive Middleware Platform Software Architecture Middleware Applications Embedded Systems Integrated Service Systems Architecture evaluation Performance modeling Component-based development Architecture evaluation Resource allocation Self-managing and adaptation Model driven development Capacity planning

9 AMP - Adaptive Middleware Platform Aggregate stimuli from multiple sources Make optimal plans of actions Detect stimuli in real-time Invoke actions in real-time

10 Open Problems Extensible software architectures Dynamic monitoring and adaptation Accurate and reliable predictive models Mapping to high level business goals Sense and Respond Asynchrony Global situational awareness Accuracy and efficiency Lower cost and higher quality Architecture frameworks Separation of concerns Non-intrusive probes Automatic orchestration Model-based analysis Empirical evaluation Research ChallengesBusiness Demands Software Engineering Solutions

11 Start with Framework … ?

12 Framework of Adaptive Server Factor out common elements into infrastructure Reduce effort to build adaptive components Transparently enhance adaptive components with advanced features Make it easier to build stable and dependable adaptation capability

13 Architecture

14 Architecture

15 Implementation Simplified

16 Techniques

17 Two Ways of Adaptation Policy-based configuration Tuning configurable parameters Threshold value setup If-condition, then-action rules Zero-configuration No threshold values Balance at equilibrium Target metric Threshold value Utility function Parameter

18 Policy-based Configuration Target metric Threshold value

19 Performance Modeling

20 Parameter Dependency Adaptive rendering of images on Internet

21 Construction of Adaptation Derived control loop for controlling CPU usage Derived control loop for scaling images Image scaling action Analysis results Queueing network model Policies Tasks execution Thread configuration

22 Prototype on JBoss App Server

23 Prototype on JBoss App Server

24 Add-on Event Correlation Service

25 Prototype on.Net WCF Web Services Management Layer Adaptive Components

26 Reach to High Level Business Goals ? ?

27 A Process-Oriented Solution Model Coordination Layer Component Layer Middleware Action/Handler jBPM Key Elements Control Modeling Handlers Control Components Coordination Integration with middleware Business Process Engine Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) Optimization Reduce the size of payload using distributed cache Adaptive Server Framework

28 Control Modeling Model

29 Actions and Handlers Model Handler public abstract class AnalysisHandler implements ActionHandler { public void execute(ExecutionContext executionContext) throws Exception { // the actual code to handle the state or transition return; }

30 Actions and Handlers Model Handler

31 Component and Model Execution Model Handler Component Middleware ControlControl executionContext.leaveNode("switch")

32 Coordination Controls Model Handler Coordination Component Workload Sensor Throttling Component Business System Throughput Sensor Aggregator Middleware Coordination Response Sensor Service Routing Primary Service Secondary Service

33 Coordination Controls Model Handler Coordination Component Workload Sensor Throttling Component Business System Throughput Sensor Aggregator Control Model (Process Engine) Effecting Multicast Middleware Coordination Response Sensor Service Routing Primary Service Secondary Service

34 Coordination Controls Model Handler Coordination Component Middleware

35 Loan Brokering on ESB

36 Adaptive Services on ESB

37 Research Outcome 1 best award summer scholarship project 1 nomination of NICTA research award 1 software prototype ready for trial (NICTA Evaluation License) 1 patent application filed Publications Journal papers: Software Practice and Experience, Journal of Software and Systems Conference/workshop papers: ICWS, ICSOC, COMPSAC, QoSA, ICSE workshop - SDSOA, ICSE workshop - SEAMS Software Architecture Middleware Applications Embedded Systems Integrated Service Systems Patent application filed Software prototypes NICTA research fund Government International Science Linkages – Europe Fund, 2009 – Software prototypes Collaborative projects Industry demo Open source software released NICTA research fund

38 Project Summary Research projects AMP – Adaptive Middleware Platforms e-PASA – Performance Assessment of e-Government Service Architecture (collaborated with Medicare and Australian Tax Office) MEMS – Trade-off Analysis Method for Mission Critical Middleware Systems on DSTO Hybrid Test Bed (collaborated with Defence Science and Technology Office) MEMS – Architecture Evaluation for Middleware-based Airborne Mission Systems (collaborated with DSTO) CAmkES – Component Architecture for microkernel-based Embedded Systems SmartSim – Framework for building resource allocation simulations SAEM – Service-oriented Architecture for Enterprise Mashups

39 Project Summary Collaborators Medicare Australia Australian Tax Office Defence Science and Technology Office Open Kernel Lab – NICTA Spin-off Research funding – $1.3M +

40 Position Alignment Linkage to MeDICi projects Service selections Monitoring SLAs Defining the selection policy Integration with MeDICi Compliant to Mule ESB Transferring process model to MeDICi job scheduling Dealing with massive data Picture from

41 Position Expectation Have direct research contribution through position role Synergize my capability with the rest of the team Continue to consolidate my research strength Expect fun and challenges

42 Thank You!

43 Technology Roadmap Increased autonomic functionality AMP