RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Kuliah Strategi KECEKAPAN TENAGA - pengurusan tenaga Dr.Mohd Zin Kandar

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Strategi Tenaga Pengenalan. Objektif Penggunaan:Penggunaan tenaga yang cekap, produktif serta tiada pembaziran. –Kecekapan tenaga –EMS & EA bangunan sedia ada. EMS. –Takrif –Konsep dan aplikasi EA –Takrif –Konsep dan aplikasi.

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Kecekapan Tenaga (KT) Penggunaan tenaga yang cekap yang biasanya dinamakan Kecekapan Tenaga (KT) bermakna menggunakan tenaga dengan bijak dan secara produktif bagi menyempurnakan tugas yang sama. Strategi tenaga ke-5 ialah dengan mempromosikan kecekapan penggunaan tenaga terutama dalam sektor perniagaan/perdagangan dan perindustrian. Malaysia boleh mencapai penjimatan satu pertiga daripada penggunaan tenaga tahunannya melalui usaha yang telah dilaksanakan dengan jayanya, seperti Projek Peningkatan Kecekapan Tenaga Industri Malaysia (MIEEIP).

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Energy Management Programme in existing building

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm What is Energy Management? “Energy Management is part of the company’s management activities that control the energy use situation in the company, to ensure efficient exploitation of the energy to provide cost-saving without impairing normal building functions or occupant comfort and productivity”.

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Why Energy Management? Expansion of focus in work with energy efficiency Better conditions for a stable and cost effective operation Reduced costs Reduced environmental impact

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Energy Managemant objectives A mean to achieve lowest possible energy consumption and operation costs A mean to maintain obtained energy savings A mean to identify new possibilities for energy efficiency to ensure efficient exploitation of the energy to provide cost-saving without impairing normal building functions or occupant comfort and productivity Concern for environment

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Energy Management Concept Think Policy Act Energy Control EE procurement Decide Action Plan See Mapping

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Initial energy mapping The initial mapping is basis for the energy management system Focus on substantial energy consumption's See Mapping

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Initial energy mapping Mapping of energy consumption can be divided into following main categories: –Supply –Process –Utilities –Air Conditioning See Mapping

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Initial energy mapping See Mapping

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm What is an energy policy? A declaration about intentions and principles concerning energy efficiency Framework for aims, targets and actions Think Policy

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Energy policy Includes commitments for continuous improvements Should be relevant for the activities at the enterprise and their influence at the energy consumption Indicate extent, ambitions etc. of the Energy Management system Should be disseminated internally and available for publicity Think Policy

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Content of energy action plan Responsibilities and authorities for each working area concerning energy efficiency Resources (personnel, economy) How to carry out the energy efficiency work (project descriptions, tasks etc.) Time schedules Aims for the energy saving actions including documentation Decide Action Plan

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm What is energy control? Energy control is systematic continuous control and surveillance of energy consuming equipment to ensure energy efficient operation Act Energy Control EE procurement

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Energy control is: A mean to achieve lowest possible energy consumption and operation costs A mean to maintain obtained energy savings A mean to identify new possibilities for energy efficiency Concern for environment Act Energy Control EE procurement

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm ENERGY AUDIT

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm What is an Energy Audit? The detailed Energy Audit involves in-depth investigations into identifications of : 1.How the energy in an organisation is currently consumed. 2.Various Energy Saving Measures (ESMs). 3.Costs and Simple Payback Periods for all recommended ESMs. INDUSTRY & COMMERCIAL

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Energy Audit Process Set-up meeting Data Collection End-use load apportioning Identification of Energy Saving Measures Reporting & Presentation INDUSTRY & COMMERCIAL

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Set-up meeting Understanding the organisation Get cooperation and support from the people in the organisation.

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Data Collection Desktop data collection –Get available sourse from:- Architectural drawing. Single line power supply drawing. Lighting drawing. A/C system drawing & design manuals. Load control system inc. timer, BAS etc. Energy bill historical data (min. 1 yr.) Field data collection Cross checking of load demand data.

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm End-use load apportioning Energy consumption data –Monthly (kWh). –Yearly (kWh). Analysis of end-use load for; –Lighting –A/Conditioning –General equipment. Draw pie-chart.

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Annual Energy Consumption & Load apportioning Buildings Annual Consumpti on(kWh) 1234 BEI kWh/ m 2 /ye ar Office Building 1,993,44532%26% 25 % 17%105 Library 1,668,95164%5% 22 % 9%184 1 – Centralised Air-conditioning 2 – Split/window Air-conditioning 3 – Lighting 4 – General equipment

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm BUILDING ENERGY INDICES Are indices of energy performance of building/end-use energy. Can be in the form of:- –Building Energy Index –Lighting energy index –Air-conditioning energy index Unit:- –KWh/sq.m/yr. Total energy cinsumption a year devided by floor area. Total end-use energy consumption a year devided by floor area. COMMERCIAL

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm kWh/sq.m./yr.

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Example of Buildings audited in 2002 & their BEI Wisma Persekutuan A kWh/m 2 /yr Wisma Persekutuan B kWh/m 2 /yr Ibu Pejabat A251.8 kWh/m 2 /yr Ibu Pejabat B kWh/m 2 /yr Kompleks Pej. A170.0 kWh/m 2 /yr Bangunan Rumah Persekutuan, A kWh/m 2 /yr Kementerian P A kWh/m 2 /yr Menara B kWh/m 2 /yr MINTA B kWh/m 2 /yr Wisma Persekutuan C kWh/m 2 /yr Pusat B kWh/m 2 /yr COMMERCIAL

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm In-house Energy Audit Continuous energy analysis and conservation process Includes: Mapping of energy consumption for the processes that are examined Plant and process descriptions Plant and process analysis Energy efficiency opportunities Implementation plan INDUSTRY

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm EA Personnel Performed by the Energy Manager or a team of employees with special knowledge Can occasionally be assist by a external consultant INDUSTRY

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Energy targets and objectives Objectives How could the energy policy be fulfilled over time The energy objectives should challenge, commit and motivate to continuous improvements and ensure progresses Success criteria

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm Revision of energy mapping Regular revisions (status) Evaluation of development in energy consumption in past period Main energy consumption areas are updated Relevant new working areas are identified and prioritised Basis for new energy action plan (annually)

RAG322 SAINS PERSEKITARAN 2 PENGURUSAN TENAGA Pbp usm SELAMAT MAJU JAYA