FAASTeam Welcome Stress, Fatigue and the Duty Day Corporate and Executive Flight Operations

FAASTeam Welcome Presenter: Dr. Karen Dunbar

FAASTeam Some Definitions StressFatigue

FAASTeam Physiological Systems Sleep Loss Sleep Changes with Age Individual Factors

FAASTeam Physiological Systems Circadian Rhythms Maximum alertness 9 – 11 am / 9 – 11 pm Maximum alertness 9 – 11 am / 9 – 11 pm Minimum alertness 3 – 5 am / 3 – 5 pm Minimum alertness 3 – 5 am / 3 – 5 pm

FAASTeam Crew Factors in Flight Operations XIII: A Survey of Fatigue Factors A Survey of Fatigue Factorsin Corporate /Executive Aviation Operations (NASA Technical Memorandum ) Authors: Rosekind, M. R., Co, E. L., Gregory, K. B., Miller, D. L. (2000).

FAASTeam 2005 Rand Technical Report 2005 Rand Technical Report Stress and Performance Jennifer Kavanagh

FAASTeam Study Methods Representative Sample of NBAA Members surveys sent to 2100 companies 1488 completed surveys

FAASTeam Participants Sex - 99% male Age yrs. Experience yrs. Total flight time – 9750 Usual Commute – 33 minutes Other Employment – 15%

FAASTeam Off Duty Sleep Data Nights at home between trips Average sleep at home Problems getting to sleep Sleep promoters Sleep interference

FAASTeam Flight Information Days/Flight hours per month Delays High/Low Density Operating Areas Time on Ground Between Legs Types of Flights

FAASTeam Duty Day Information Duty Day Length/Segments/Flight Hours Length/Segments/Flight Hours “On call” Days/ Actual “Call Out” Frequency Duty Time Limits Duties in Addition to Flying

FAASTeam Duty Day Length and Fatigue Perception of fatigue as a significant safety factor Self-reported microsleep (nodding off) and short vs. long duty day

FAASTeam FatigueSignificanceFrequency Interference with duties Flight Department Emphasis on Fatigue

FAASTeam Major Factors on “Most Fatiguing Work Day”

FAASTeam Reported Effects of Stress on Pilot Performance

FAASTeam Research Based Considerations Time on task Time since awake Task type

FAASTeam Research Based Considerations Duty Period Duration Environmental Factors Location of Task

FAASTeam Fatigue Intensity and Frequency

FAASTeam Fatigue Mitigation Strategies Used During Flights

FAASTeam Self-Management of Stress PhysicalSocialBehavioralCognitiveRecuperative

FAASTeam Changes Recommended by Pilots in the Study to Reduce Fatigue

FAASTeam Study Limitations Subjective nature of the data Responses depend on perception, memory, and understanding of the question Known inaccuracy in estimates of sleep latency, duration, awakenings, etc. Retrospective recall Sampling limitations – self-selected, possibly company selected, NBAA member companies

FAASTeam Where Does That Leave Pilots? Become a master of stress management when off duty Use FAR/AIM checklist “I’m Safe” before the flight Use mitigation strategies during the duty day

Thank You Thank you for coming this evening Thank you for coming this evening Thank you for your participation Thank you for your participation FLY SAFELY !!!