+ 1/24/13 Objective Develop a proper hypothesis Warm-Up 1. Give an example of a good resource. 2. What are two types of questions?

+ Hypothesis Introduction Unit

+ Steps of the Inquiry Process 1. Make Observations 2. Ask Questions 3. Gather Research 4. Write a Hypothesis 5. Design Experiment 6. Gather Data/Experiment 7. Analyze Data 8. Draw Conclusions

+ STEP 4: Stating a Hypothesis Hypothesis: A possible explanation for a question or a problem; a prediction. Your hypothesis should be testable. Your hypothesis should be specific. A hypothesis is testable if: It is the answer to the question proposed. It can be tested in a lab or observed in a field. The results will be in quantified data. It is supported by observation and facts already known.

+ A properly written hypothesis has an independent and dependent variable. Independent variable (IV): is the variable that you change in the lab. Dependent variable (DV): is the variable that is affected by the independent variable. Example: Question: Does the amount of sunlight a plant receive affect how tall the plant will grow? Hypothesis: The more sunlight a plant receives the taller it will grow.

+ For example: Question: Does the mass of a ball affect how high it will bounce? Hypothesis: The more mass a ball has the higher it will bounce.

+ When writing a hypothesis, DO NOT “sit on the fence,” be specific. For example which hypothesis is better? The amount of water a plant receives affects the growth of a plant. OR The more water a plant receives the taller it will grow.

+ Activity 1: Hypothesis Rotations At each station, there will be a task. You are to complete the given task and record everything in your science notebook. You and your partner will be given 3 minutes at each station. There are a total of 16 stations.

+ Experimental Design Introduction Unit

+ Steps of the Inquiry Process 1. Make Observations 2. Ask Questions 3. Gather Research 4. Write a Hypothesis 5. Design Experiment 6. Gather Data/Experiment 7. Analyze Data 8. Draw Conclusions

+ The Inquiry Process Continued STEP 5: Designing an Experiment The first step in designing an experiment is to define your variables. A variable is: Anything capable of having more than one value Anything capable of changing

+ Continuous Variables – have many values like height (cm) or age (yrs) Discontinuous Variables – have only one, two or three variables like gender and handedness

+ Classroom Examples… Student height _____ Student gender _____ Time it takes to run a mile _____ A person’s health _____ Number of times people as you out _____ Length of a meter _____ Distance light travels in one second _____

+ In Class Practice Hypothesis: The more water given to a plant the faster it will grow. Hypothesis: The more time spent studying the higher the grade.

+ There are three types of variables in a controlled experiment: 1. Independent Variables (IV) 2. Dependent Variable (DV) 3. Extraneous Variable (EV): Variables the might have an effect of the DV so they need to remain the same in your experiment. (constants)

+ Example With the hypothesis: The more water a plant receives the faster it will grow. What are some variables that must remain the same?

+ An experimental control group This group does not receive the change from the independent variable. Example: Hypothesis: The more potato chips you eat the higher your math scores. The control would be a group of students that don’t eat potato chips.

+ Experimental Design Chart: Organizes your variables. VariablesGroup 1Group 2Control IV Amount of Potato Chips (1/2 cup) Amount of Potato Chips (2 cups) No Potato Chips DV Math Scores EV Same Math Class EV Gender EV When the test is taken

+ The second step in your experimental design is to write your step-by-step procedures. You must include as much detail as possible. It must be written so anyone could reproduce the experiment the same way you designed it.

+ PB&J Sandwich Activity