August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA Enabling VoWLAN Handsets with a Low Complexity Single CPU based Architecture

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA HelloSoft, Inc.  HelloSoft is a IP licensor of wireless communication technologies:  Voice over IP (Codecs and protocols)  Wireless LAN (PHY and MAC)  Cellular Wireless (GSM/GPRS L1, L2, and L3)  Corporate Facts:  Founded in 1999  A privately held U.S. corporation  Headquartered in San Jose, California  Over 130 employees world-wide  World Firsts!  VoIP on single RISC Processor  Multi-Function WLAN/GSM/GPRS  Fully Configurable WLAN Solution  Low bit rate (1&2 mbps) WLAN on single RISC Processor

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA A Brief Visual History of VoIP The Hype Metric 1995 Pioneer VocalTec provided the first VoIP software for PCs. Sometimes referred to as the “Internet Ham Radio” The Trigger

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA A Brief Visual History of VoIP The Hype Metric 1995 VocalTec August 1999 TI acquires Telogy a provider of VoIP technology for $435M July 1999 Broadcom acquires HotHaus a provider of VoIP technology for $280M The Trigger The Peak of Inflated Expectations

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA A Brief Visual History of VoIP The Hype Metric 1995 VocalTec August 1999 Telogy July 1999 HotHaus The Trigger The Peak of Inflated Expectations The Trough of Disillusionment A host of technical problems: Distortion, Delay, Echo, Expense, Scaling, Interoperablity

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA A Brief Visual History of VoIP The Hype Metric 1995 VocalTec August 1999 Telogy July 1999 HotHaus The Trigger The Peak of Inflated Expectations The Trough of Disillusionment Technical problems The Slope of Enlightenment The Plateau of Productivity Technical Advancements Conducive Market Dynamics B/2003

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA VoIP Technology Advancements  Distortion – losing packets in the course of transmission  Due to network congestion, overcrowding, and overflowing buffer queues.  Packet loss <10% is acceptable.  Today VoIP suppliers provide FEC, jitter buffers, and packet error concealment techniques.  Delay – an inordinate long time to receive the voice packet  Packet delay < 200 ms is acceptable through 100 ms is optimal  A PSTN call is typically 25 ms  Historically, most of the delay is not in the network but in the equipment processing the data.  Today VoIP suppliers provide a low-latency architecture (shallow buffers) and optimized voice codecs for increased data through put.  Echo – hearing your own voice in the receiver  Typically an echo lasting >25 ms is a distraction  Both audio echo cancellation and line echo cancellation are now built into the VoIP voice framework.

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA VoIP Technology Advancements  Call Disconnect – having to repeatedly try and connect to the receiver VoIP Call Success Rate: “Assessment of VoIP Service Availability in the Current Internet” – Schulzrinne and Jiang, Columbia University Path TypeCall Success Internet 62027/( ) 99.53% Commercial 34699/( ) 99.51% Domestic (US) 19855/( ) 99.45% International 42165/( ) 99.59% VoIP over Internet success rate:99.53% VoIP on a private network:99.99% PSTN success rate:99.99 to % Mobil phone success rate: 97% - 98%

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA VoIP Technology Advancements  Aborted Calls  911 Emergency Access  911 used to be the main missing feature.  Today all VoIP handsets respond in the same way as PSTN phones via E-911.  Additional features (thanks to SIP) today include voic , call waiting, call forwarding, conferencing, etc. VoIP Call Termination Probability:

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA VoIP Regulation Is Currently Relaxed  Today VoIP service is essentially unregulated, because VoIP is not currently defined as a “common carrier” or a “telecommunication service”. It is treated as an information service.  Bell companies and the FBI want to regulate VoIP service.  Regulation requires enabling electronic surveillance and a contribution to the Universal Service Fund.  AT&T and Jeff Pulver are effectively stating the case that VoIP is a point-to-point information service. As demonstrated by Vonage, Skype, Net2Phone and others.  Chip’s prediction: Surveillance and the USF contribution will be required.

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA Market Dynamics

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA The Emergence of VoWLAN Infrastructure EnterpriseCarrier Handsets SpectraLink, Telesym, Symbol, Cisco, Motorola, NEC, Vocera, Toshiba Toshiba, Motorola, Kineto, NEC, Samsung, Nokia Network Equipment Cisco, Symbol, Airespace, Airflow, Meru, Nortel, Proxim Nortel, Cisco, Proxim, Kineto, RadioFrame PBX, Call Servers Avaya, Nortel, Cisco, Vocera, SprectraLink IP Centrex vendors

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA The Single CPU Based Architecture

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA Traditional Architecture of VoIP Device DSP: Voice Processing Algorithms (Vocoders, LEC, DTMF) MCU: Call control, Network Protocols, RTOS, Management (SIP, RTP, User Interface) Data Services/ Synchronization Serial Port (Optional) FlashRAM MCU Protocols, RTOS Ethernet Controll er Ethernet Transcei ver Network Interface User I/F DSP Voice Algorithms Power Mgmt Unit ROMRAM Osc. Voice Codec A/D, D/A Audible Indicator Key Pad User Interface Voice I/F PDA 10/100 BaseT User Enquiry Signal Ear Piece Microphone

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA Architecture of a VoIP Device without a DSP HelloSoft MCU contains all Voice Processing, Call control, Network Protocols, RTOS, Management Ethernet 10/100 Mbps LAN Power Module Flash RAM MCU Voice Algorithms, Protocols, RTOS User I/F A/D, D/A LCD Display Dialpad Voice In Voice Out Audible Indicator

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA The Current VoWLAN Subsystem Wireless IP Phone Reference Design Agere Systems July 2003 Product Brief

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA The Current VoWLAN Subsystem Microcontroller$8 DSP$12 Codecs (A/D, D/A)$1 WLAN (not including radio)$6 =================================== TOTAL$27

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA The Single Chip VoWLAN  Architecture ARM968 LBR PHY AEC engine LCD controller IO DMA Keypad control SRAM controller Radio Interface  Components required for WLAN processing  Components required for Voice processing Flash controller

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA The Single Chip VoWLAN Die Size 3.06 x 3.06 mm die 100 pin package $.50 yielded die

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA VoWLAN Enabling IP QoS Jitter Buffer RTP/RTCP TCP/IP/UDP Driver Voice Application/UI RTOS PrimeCell IP ARM 968 LBR peripheral, encryption accelerator Vocoder (.711 G.726 G.729AB G.723 VAD/CNG) Acoustic Echo Canceller Telephony (DTMF, Signal Class, CID, CPT) SIP Line Echo Canceller QoS Packet Loss Concealment Network Protocols, Control Code Signal Processing Components Voice OS (Multi-channel Framework) WLAN MAC PCM 3 rd party software IP Legend: HelloSoft Software IP ARM Processor IP Analog Phone/SLIC or Mic/Spkr/Headset Complete VoIP Solution in Software –For IP Phones, Analog Adaptors, Residential Gateways Unique solution on ARM for low Silicon BOM –1 or 2 channels on an ARM 968

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA IP That Enables The Single Chip Wireless Phone Single Chip VoWLAN RF Antenna Standard components b radio 2.LCD 3.Keypad 4.Low speed SRAM and Flash Microphone Speaker A non-Standard VoWLAN device -provides a MAC coordinated VoIP and WLAN functionality. Microcontroller$8 DSP$12 Codecs (A/D, D/A)$1 WLAN (not including radio)$6 =================================== TOTAL$27 VoWLAN SoC$4 =================================== TOTAL$4 SRAM Memory Flash Memory

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA Product Highlights  Secure wireless voice communications:  TKIP and AEC  Quality voice communications:  high packet loss environment (up to 30%)  Reasonably low channel capacity requirements (4-7 calls per access point)  Low power operation  Interoperable with all b and compliant access points  Extremely low production cost (phone BOM)  Field tested and proven VoIP and WLAN  Patents pending  Single and/or Dual channel support

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA VoWLAN IP Specifications VoIP codecs and Protocols (a software deliverable) 1.Vocoders including G711, 723.1, 726 and 729 A and B 2.Low delay Jitter Buffer (under 120ms) 3.Packet Loss Concealment (PLC) 4.User configurable comfort noise insertion 5.Acoustic Echo cancellation (AEC) 6.Multi-line capability 7.Caller ID 8.Call waiting 9.Call forward 10.Call transfer 11.Call hold and resume 12. Call park 13. Call mute 14. Redial 15. Speed dial 16.Conference calling

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA WLAN IP Specifications WLAN (a software and hardware deliverable) 1.Radio interface (hardware) –Maxim 2825 radio interface –Simple and customizable to support any digitized I&Q 22 MHz sample stream 2.LBR PHY (hardware) 3.Security i (hardware and software) –AES accelerator –TKIP 4.LBR MAC (software) e (software)

August 3-4, 2004 San Jose, CA VoWLAN Deliverables Product Deliverables 1. ARM 968 GDSII from foundry of choice 2. LBR and AES RTL code 3. Ported and optimized VoIP software 4. Ported and optimized WLAN MAC software 5. Verification environment 6. LBR and AES netlist and synthesis scripts 7. Documentation HelloSoft Design Services 1.Integration into an SoC for a specified process technology 2.Device integration and testing 3.System testing