Figure App. 4.1. Atomic Structure… The MOST ABUNDANT ATOM, HYDROGEN, PLUS ITS ISOTOPES.

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Presentation transcript:

Figure App. 4.1

Atomic Structure…

The MOST ABUNDANT ATOM, HYDROGEN, PLUS ITS ISOTOPES.

SALT (SODIOUM CHLORIDE) MOST ABUNDANT SOLUTE IN OCEANS

ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF WATER

REAL OBSERVED ELECTRON DISTRIBUTIONS IN COPPER OXIDE

EQUILIBRIA ARE KEY ELEMENTS IN UNDERSTANDING NATURE…

UNITS OF MEASURE

DERIVED UNITS

NEWTON’S LAWS

NEWTON’S 2ND LAW

FORCE DUE TO GRAVITY

PROTOSOLAR NEBULA Let us return to our protosolar nebula from which Earth was formed.

Eventually, after lengthy evolution, the Earth has reached this overall structure: Solid earth, ocean, Atmosphere…

The Earth is volcanically active, resulting in gaseous emission, i.e. “VOLATILES”

STARTING MATERIAL = VOLATILES AND SEDIMENTS Earth’s evolution did not result in much loss of matter, What was here to start is nearly ALL still here.

Volatiles arise from weathering, but much more from volcanic activity

Volatile species are susceptible of further chemical processing… MOLECULES OF LIFE Lightning, entry of meteors…

Surface life is based upon photosynthesis, after long evolution.

Drawing from photomicrograph of possible early life form, 3.5 B years old… A human hair is typically 70 microns in width

Striking evidence for the advent of photosynthetic life… COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE

With atmosphere, oxygen, photosynthesis, plants, hydrological cycle, etc., you have an ecosphere…

A representation of the time line for Earth evolution…

The result of the weathering, volcanism, formation of atmosphere, biology, hydrological cycle, and more is our Earth climate system.