Inner core crust mantle outer core. reverse fault.

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Presentation transcript:

inner core crust mantle outer core

reverse fault

normal fault

strike-slip fault

thrust or reverse fault

normal fault

strike-slip fault

P Waves P Waves push and pull motion fastest-moving waves travel in straight path move through solid and liquid material

move in up-and-down zigzag pattern move more slowly than P waves cannot travel through liquid material S Waves S Waves

P wave

S wave

Love wave

Rayleigh wave

MercalliRichter measures magnitude measures destruction based on man’s observations

Richter Scale Effects

magma chamber vent lava ash side vent side vent crater

Classifying Volcanoes Classifying Volcanoes by shape by type of eruption by how often they erupt

by shape cinder cone shield composite cone hill-shaped with a bowl- like crater upside-down- saucer- shaped symmetrical, cone-shaped

shield volcano

cinder cone volcano

composite cone volcano

shield cinder cone composite cone

by how often they erupt extinct dormant active

has erupted during recorded history is expected to erupt again

dormant erupted in distant past not expected to erupt again

extinct does not have a recorded eruption is not expected to erupt

by type of eruption Plinian Pelean Vulcanian avalanche of red-hot dust and gases; pyroclastic flow violent, loud explosion of lava, ashes, cinders, and gases most powerful eruption, spewing lava, gas, and dust into atmosphere Hawaiian/ Strombolian quiet, runny lava; little or no cinder, ash, or steam