Flower & Fruit Injury Codling moth in apple Apple scab on apple (right) Left: Western flower thrips feeding injury on impatiens. Above: Bean pod mottle.

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Presentation transcript:

Flower & Fruit Injury Codling moth in apple Apple scab on apple (right) Left: Western flower thrips feeding injury on impatiens. Above: Bean pod mottle virus in soybeans (left) vs. uninfected beans (right)

Weed Effects Weed Groups Algae (aquatic systems) Mosses/liverworts (turf & nurseries) Ferns/horsetails (pastureland, horticultural crops) Gymnosperms (rangeland, forests, long-term no-till systems) Angiosperms [monocotyledon & dicotyledon] (annuals, biennials, perennials)

Weed Impacts Competitive -- yield loss (quantity and quality) Parasitic effects (cf Norris et al., p 23 – 24) Mechanical interference with farm implements Other incidental –Seed contamination –Land valuation –Health & safety (hay fever, toxins, fire hazard)

Comparative Biology of Pests Chapter 5 is divided into 3 principal segments 1.Concepts in Pest Population Regulation 2.Dissemination, Invasion, and Colonization Processes 3.Pest Genetics

Comparative Biology of Pests Concepts in Pest Population Regulation 1.Reproduction 2.Fecundity & Fertility 3.Population Generation Time 4.Longevity & Mortality 5.Quiescence and Dormancy 6.Heat Summation & Degree Days 7.Molting & Metamorphosis 8.Life Tables 9.Basic Life Cycle Models

1. Reproduction Good for IPMBad for IPM Sexual 1.Can manage resistance 2.Mating disrupt. possible More plastic, better able to overcome tactics Asexual 1.Strain/race geographically specific 2.Can’t overcome effective controls 1. More inoc. (path & weed) 2. Faster popn. growth (all are reproductive) Note: Many serious species have both sexual & asexual periods or stages.

Individual and Population Development Time Includes: 2.Fecundity & Fertility 3.Population Generation Time 4.Cycles per Season 5.Longevity and Mortality Affects management response time

Management Response Time The amount of time between when a decision to control a pest is made and when that control takes effect. Primarily used for rescue treatments. Directly affects action thresholds.