Motion basics Chapter 1 Mr. Whitney. Sign Convention & Direction Motion has a 1) Direction 2) Magnitude - How much motion has or is occurring Positive:

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Presentation transcript:

Motion basics Chapter 1 Mr. Whitney

Sign Convention & Direction Motion has a 1) Direction 2) Magnitude - How much motion has or is occurring Positive: Up, to the right, North, to the East Negative: Down, to the left, South, to the West

Sign Convention & Direction Motion has a 1) Direction 2) Magnitude Needs a frame of reference, an origin to define positions at different times. Requires changes in TIME Uniform Motion means a time intervals are the same

Distance & Displacement Distance (x) equates Displacement equates to Difference between initial x i and final x f. x is position from the reference

Displacement Displacement is written:

A person moves on the number line shown below. The person begins at B, walks to C, and then turns around and walks to A. For this entire range of motion DETERMINE: a)the person’s final position b)the displacement c)the distance. Example 0 5 m 10 m 15 m A B C

Speed & Velocity Speed: How far Velocity: How Speed: distance traveled time interval Speed and Direction Velocity = x t

Average Speed & Velocity

EXAMPLE Usain Bolt holds the record for the 100m sprint completing it in only 9.58s! a ) Determine his average speed in m/s. (1.6km = 1mi) b) Mr Sample (I hold no record) ran the Philly half-marathon (13.1mi) in 1hr55min36sec. Determine my avg speed in mph. Did he run faster than this at some point?

Vectors Go Eastthen go West What is the final displacement? (this is a vector) What is the distance traveled? 5 mi3 mi

Vectors Go Eastthen go South What is the final displacement? (this is a vector) What is the distance traveled? 4 mi3 mi

Vector Notation Vector A  A A + B This adds the 2 vectors Vectors do not have to be in the same Direction to be added. See page 19 in textbook

Vectors and Trig Were A, B, and C are vectors (magnitude and direction) sin Θ = A/C cos Θ = B/C tan Θ = A/B

Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension

A commuter drives 15.0km on the highway at a speed of 25.0m/s, parks at work and walks 150m at a speed of 1.50m/s from his car to his office. Example b) Determine the average speed of the entire commute (a) Determine the total time of the commute.

Example: A woman starts at the entrance to a mall and walks inside for 185m north for 10minutes. She then walks 59m south in 3minutes to another store. She then leaves the store and moves south 155m in 8minutes to reach her car outside. Determine her average velocity during the trip.

Instantaneous Velocity The instantaneous speed or velocity is how fast an object is moving at a single point in time. Does the gauge on your dashboard give you speed or velocity? Does this gauge give you an average or instantaneous value?