ADOLF HITLER Country –Germany Political Party –Nazi Party Goals and Ideas –Create Third Reich –Control Europe…and the world –Create a “master race” –Rebuild German Military –“The Final Solution” – exterminating Jews –Killing gays and lesbians, people with disabilities, Gypsies (Roma), Jehovas Witnesses, and Nazi Party critics –Extreme nationalism Type of Government –Facist Dictatorship How did he maintain power? –Secret police (SS) –Propaganda –Government controlled press –Repressed dissent –Racial laws –Concentration & Death Camps

FRANCISCO FRANCO Country –Spain Political Party –Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS (Spanish Traditionalist Phalanx of the Assemblies of National-Syndacalist Offensive) Goals and Ideas –Leads the Nationalist movement in the Spanish Civil War –Strongly against communism, socialism, and anarchism –Vertical Trade Union: end class struggle by grouping workers & owners together –Pro-Axis powers; not directly involved in World War II supported by Hitler & Mussolini sends troops to fight the Soviet Union (communism) directly Type of Government –Authoritarian Military Dictatorship How did he maintain power? –Censorship on moral & political grounds –Strict laws about assembly and association –Government recognizes only one Spanish dialect to try and promote unity

JOSEPH STALIN Country –Soviet Union (USSR) Political Party –Communist Party Goals and Ideas –Increase Industry –Become a Superpower –Spread Communism –Eliminate all opposition –Anti-democracy –Collectivize (bring under Government control) farms and industry Type of Government –Communist Dictatorship How did he maintain power? –Secret police (The Cheka) –The Great Purge (organized persecution and political suppression) –Government controlled Press –Labor Camps (Siberia) –Executions –“Disappearing” people

BENITO MUSSOLINI Country –Italy Political Party –Facist Party Goals and Ideas –Promote the Facist Party through Youth Groups –“Mussolini is Always Right” –Create a strong Italy –Support the Catholic Church –Anti-Communist, Anti-Socialist –Restore the former glory of Italy and Rome Type of Government –Fascist Dictatorship with a Military emphasis How did he maintain power? –Secret police (OVRA) –Imprisoned people who dissented –Banned other political parties –propaganda –Censored the Press

HIDEKI TOJO Country –Japan Political Party –Imperial Rule Assistance Association Goals and Ideas –Control the Pacific Islands, China, and Soviet Union (USSR) –Eliminate Western influences –Militarism –Extreme Nationalism –Support Hitler’s Nazi Party Type of Government –Monarchy with military influence How did he maintain power? –Ignored opposition –Used military strength to torture and intimidate people

ADOLF HITLER Country – Political Party – Goals and Ideas – Type of Government – How did he maintain power? –

FRANCISCO FRANCO Country – Political Party – Goals and Ideas – Type of Government – How did he maintain power? –

JOSEPH STALIN Country – Political Party – Goals and Ideas – Type of Government – How did he maintain power? –

BENITO MUSSOLINI Country – Political Party – Goals and Ideas – Type of Government – How did he maintain power? –

HIDEKI TOJO Country – Political Party – Goals and Ideas – Type of Government – How did he maintain power? –

WELCOME BACK! Complete the following warm-up on ____. Read “The Rise of Dictators” page In complete sentences, answer the following questions: 1.Which two major European states were democratic by 1939? 2.Define totalitarian state. 3.What is the goal of a totalitarian state?