Skeletal Anatomy Gross Anatomy Could you name the parts in my pile? How many bones are there anyway? BIOL 2010 Human Anatomy & Physiology I

Skeleton can be split into 2 major categories: Includes skull, hyoid, thoracic Includes pectoral girdle and upper limbs & pelvic girdle and lower limbs What are the major categories of the skeleton?

Divided into 2 main components: Includes bones in contact with brain… 3 ossicles x 2 = 6 _________________ The remainder of the ~22 bones of the skull What components make up the “head bone”?

Make sure that you could recognize which view of a skull a given image is… Think of form & function! What(way)’s up with the skull anyway?

Terms related to bones: Kung fu move! What are the terms pertaining to all the bumps, ridges, nooks and crannies of the skull?

Which bones are most likely to be broken with a “broken nose” ? Take 5!!! Discuss with your neighbor and predict an answer.

The average adult skeleton consists of ____ bones, however this number ____ with age. A) 206, increases B) 206, decreases C) 260, increases D) 260, decreases What is the primary purpose of a bone process or projection? A) add mass to the bone B) connect one bone to another C) points of attachment for ligaments or tendons D) create a stress point on a bone Of the following passages or openings in bones, which one is a tunnel like that of the inner ear? A) foramen B) meatus C) fissure D) sulcus Which bone(s) of the skull would be considered to be the most superior? A) occipital B) temporal C) maxillary D) parietal

Vertebral column divided into 5 regions: bones + How about the Axis of the Axial skeleton? ___________ __________

4 vertebral curvatures develop over time Primary curvatures Secondary curvatures Distinct functions: redistribute the center of gravity Why isn’t our spinal column straight?

Malaligned: ______________ Lateral curvature Convex (anteriorly) curvature (lumbar) Concave (anteriorly) curvature (thoracic) Are there any abnormal curvatures that can exist?

How can you tell one type of vertebrae from another? What function determines each form?

Special “pieces parts”: What are the “important” anatomic details of vertebral structure?

How many cervical vertebrae are there? A) 5 B) 7 C) 12 D) 15 The first cervical vertebrae is known as the A) atlas B) axis C) lamina D) pedicle The opening in the middle of a vertebra for the spinal cord is known as the A) intervertebral foramen B) vertebral meatus C) vertebral foramen D) spinous process Which vertebra is immediately inferior to C-7? A) C-8. B) C-6 C) T-1 D) L-1 How many pairs of vertebrosternal ribs are there? A) 12 B) 7 C) 5 D) 3

2 main parts: Sternum… ____________ __________ ____________ Ribs… _____ ________ 7 x 2 = 14 5 x 2 = 10 What are the structures involved in forming the thoracic cage?

Pectoral girdle… Comprised of 2 pairs of bones, loosely attached: What are the components of the pectoral girdle?

A broken clavicle changes the position of the upper limb in what way? Take 5!!! Discuss with your neighbor and predict an answer.

Scapula What views? What side? What function? ___________ _____________ ______________ What is the significance of each of the “parts”?

_____________ (shoulder to elbow) 1 bone… ____________ Which views? Which side? What functions? What is the significance of each of the “parts”?

Explain the function of the olecranon and coronoid fossae on the distal humerus? Take 5!!! Discuss with your neighbor and predict an answer.

Forearm (Antebrachial) (______________) 2 bones: How do the bones of the forearm articulate with the humerus?

Wrist (Carpal) 8 bones: S L T P T T C H Why so many carpal bones and where is that tunnel?

Hand (Manual) 19 bones: Why are the “fingers” of a skeleton so long? An elementary teacher once told my son that, “The thumb is the longest finger” is this true or false? Why?

Pelvic Girdle 3 fused bones per How can the pelvis consist of six different bones?

Male & Female pelvic differences Why do women have wider hips than men? Which is which?

Why do women have wider hips than men?

Thigh (Femoral) 1 bone: ______ Why are the processes/tuberosities larger on the femur than on the humerus? Right or Left? Anterior or Posterior?

Leg (Crural) 2 bones: What two bones in the antebrachial region are similar?

Ankle (Tarsal) 7 bones: If the limbs are similar thus far how about the foot?

Foot (Pedal) 19 bones: If the limbs are similar thus far how about the foot?