Magnetism & Electromagnetism Magnet Earth Chapter 1 Section 2

Earth’s Magnetic Field Just like a magnet Due to molten metal circulating in the core of the earth Iron Nickel

Compass A devise with a magnetized needle that can spin freely Needle aligns with Earth’s magnetic field

Two Types of Poles Geographic “True” Poles Magnetic Poles Perpendicular to equator Rotation of earth Magnetic Poles Magnetic field

Magnetic Declination The difference in angle between the direction towards the Geographic & Magnetic poles.

Changing Magnetic Pole From 1580 to 1820 the Magnetic Declination for a sailor in London changed 35 degrees

Magnetosphere Protects the earth from solar winds Electrically charge particles in space

Aurora Borealis Australis Northern Lights Australis Southern Lights Solar winds interact with atoms in earth’s atmosphere Atoms release light

Earth Creates Magnets Because Earth is a magnet, it can create magnets Over many years, large metal objects can become magnetized by the earth if they are left undisturbed E.g. file cabinets

Mid-Atlantic Ridge Earth’s Magnetic Reversals Roughly every 200,000 years Not yet understood