Part IV: Middle Childhood Chapter 9 Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Focus: Ann Bancroft, Polar Explorer First woman to reach the North and South Poles by nonmotorized means First woman to ski across Greenland and part of first team of women to ski across the landmass of Antarctica Adventuresome nature stems from childhood. Her parents encouraged risk-taking and fostered a love of the outdoors In seventh grade, was diagnosed with dyslexia, a challenge that later gave her the determination to succeed as a polar explorer Today Bancroft is a leader in helping children with learning disabilities, as well as shattering stereotypes about women

Aspects of Physical Development  Growth  Nutrition Malnutrition Obesity and Body Image  Motor Development

Checkpoint: Can you… Checkpoint: Can you…  Explain the significance of rough-and- tumble play?  Describe changes in the types of physical play children engage in as they grow older?  Explain why some children are not as physically fit as they should be?

Health and Safety  Medical Problems Vision and Hearing Problems Asthma HIV and AIDS  Accidental Injuries

Piagetian Approach: The Concrete Operational Child How do school-age children’s thinking and moral reasoning differ from those of younger children?

Advances in Selected Cognitive Abilities During Middle Childhood Spatial thinking Seriation and transitive inference Cause and effect Inductive and deductive reasoning Classification Conservation

What’s Your View? Do you agree that intent is an important factor in morality? In what ways does the criminal justice system reflect or contradict this view?

Information Processing and Intelligence Memory and Other Processing Skills  Basic Processes and Capacities  Metamemory: Understanding Memory  Mnemonics: Strategies for Remembering  Selective Attention  Information Processing and Piagetian Tasks

Information Processing and Intelligence Psychometric Approach: Testing Intelligence  Traditional Group and Individual Tests  The IQ Controversy  Is There More Than One Intelligence?  Other New Directions in Intelligence Testing

Eight Intelligences, According to Gardner IntelligenceFields or Occupations Where Used LinguisticWriting, editing, translating Logical-mathematicalScience, business, medicine MusicalMusical composition, conducting SpatialArchitecture, carpentry, city planning Bodily-kinestheticDancing, athletics, surgery InterpersonalTeaching, acting, politics IntrapersonalCounseling, psychiatry, spiritual leadership NaturalistHunting, fishing, farming, gardening, cooking

Language and Literacy Vocabulary, Grammar, and Syntax Pragmatics: Knowledge about Communication Literacy  Identifying Words  Comprehension  Writing

The Child in School Entering First Grade

The Child in School Influences on School Achievement  The Child: Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Academic Motivation  Parenting Practices  Socioeconomic Status  Teacher Expectations  The Educational System  The Culture

The Child in School How do schools meet the needs of non-English-speaking children and those with learning problems?

The Child in School Second Language Education Children with Learning Problems  Mental Retardation  Learning Disabilities  Hyperactivity and Attention Deficits  Educating Children with Disabilities

The Child in School Gifted Children  Identifying Gifted Children  The Lives of Gifted Children  Defining and Measuring Creativity  Educating Gifted Children

Digging Deeper Children’s Understanding of Illness

Practically Speaking The Homework Debate