Chapter 3 HEREDITY

The different forms of a gene that decide a characteristic are known as alleles. phenotype. albinism. pedigree.

Instructions for an inherited trait are called alleles. phenotype. albinism. genes.

What is a feature that has different forms in a population? Pedigree Characteristic Fertilization albinism

What is a trait? Different forms of meiosis Different forms of mitosis Different forms of a pedigree Different forms of a characteristic

What is heredity? Traits passing on from offspring to parent Traits passing on from parents to offspring Plants that are cross-pollinating The ratio of dominant to recessive traits

The one thing that Gregor Mendel realized could explain the results of his experiment was that the traits were appearing at random. the male traits were always dominant ones. each trait had two sets of instructions, one from each parent. his important research would open the door to modern genetics.

What did Mendel discover about recessive traits? Recessive traits reappear in the second generation. Recessive traits disappear altogether. Recessive traits never appear in the second generation. Recessive traits become dominant.

What ration explained the grey flowers and white flowers in the second generation 1 to 1 2 to 1 3 to 1 4 to 1

Why are the first generation flowers always gray? Gray is the dominant color. Gray is the recessive color. Gray is the darker color. It is just a coincidence.

A plant with 2 dominant or 2 recessive alleles is said to be heterozygous. homozygous. cross-pollinating. true-breeding.

What kind of plant produces offspring with the same traits as the parent? Co-dominance Incomplete dominance True-breeding Non-breeding

What happens when a true-breeding plant self-pollinates? One of its offspring has the same traits as the parent. Some of its offspring have the same traits as the parent. All of its offspring have the same traits as the parent. None of its offspring have the same traits as the parent.

When a plant fertilizes itself, it is called a(n) Incomplete dominance. Co-dominance. Self-pollinating plant. Cross-pollinating plant.

What is a phenotype? The way an organism feels. A group of 2 alleles. A dominant gene. The way an organism looks/

Why do sex linked disorders occur more often in males? Males have 2 X chromosomes Males have only 1 X chromosome Males have 2 Y chromosomes Males have 1 X and 2 Y chromosomes

What is it called when cells are copied with half the number of chromosomes? DNA Meiosis A nucleus Mitosis

How are sex cells different than other human cells? Sex cells have more chromosomes Sex cells have half as many chromosomes Sex cells are larger Sex cells have no chromosomes

Each parent gives one set of these to the offspring. Genes Genotypess Phenotypes Meiosis

This diagram is used to trace a trait through generation of a family. Pedigree chart Punnett square Meiosis box Generation square

If (B) is dominant, and a brown rate mates with a white rat and 50% of their offspring are white, what are the genotypes of the two parent rats? BB, bb Bb, bb BB, Bb Bb, Bb

A brown rat and a white rat mate and produce all brown rats A brown rat and a white rat mate and produce all brown rats. This is an example of Co-dominance Dominance Incomplete dominance recessiveness

A brown rat and a white rat mate and produce brown rats with white spots. This is an example of Co-dominance Dominance Incomplete dominance recessiveness

A brown rat and a white rat mate and produce a tan colored rat A brown rat and a white rat mate and produce a tan colored rat. This is an example of Co-dominance Dominance Incomplete dominance recessiveness

Be able to identify 2 ways that plants can cross pollinate. Know how to fill in a Punnett Square and answer questions about % of traits of offspring, and what the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring will be

Explanation of genotypes & phenotypes: For rabbits, the allele for black fur, B, is dominant over the allele for white fur, b. Suppose two black bunny parents have three black bunnies and one white bunny. Using a Punnett square show and then explain the genotypes of the parents and the possible genotypes of all four offspring. Explain what percentage will be black and white. Explanation of genotypes & phenotypes: Parents: Genotype = Phenotype _____ = ______________ _____= _______________ Offspring: Genotype = Phenotype Ratio ______ = _______________ ____%