Genetics and Punnett Squares

Heredity Passing of traits from parent to offspring (meaning what you look like, personality, etc comes from your family)

Trait a distinguishing characteristic or quality, especially of one's personal nature Meaning eye color, plant leaf shape, your chin having a dimple, how long a dog’s fur is, etc

Dominant Allele Allele is the trait Dominant means more common/ powerful so it COVERS over other alleles Shown with CAPTIAL LETTER

Recessive allele Allele means trait Recessive is less common meaning it is more likely to be covered example: blue eyes Shown with lower case letter of the dominant letter

Hybrid Think about hybrid cars both gas and electric Hybrids are something new for example: mule’s do not exist in nature they are a donkey and a horse

Probability Chance of something happening Genetics uses Punnett’s to predict this. They predict offspring traits Easiest Punnett’s are in four so you have a 25% chance per box

Heterozygous Two different alleles

Homozygous Two of the same alleles

Co-dominance Neither is dominant or recessive so the offspring are new Example: Red mom white dad (flowers) the offspring will have pink petals 100% new

How to start a Punnett? Draw a box with four parts Red to find the clues The rabbits are dominant for red fur. The father is homozygous dominant and the mother is heterozygous

Next step The rabbits are dominant for red fur. The father is homozygous dominant and the mother is heterozygous The letter is always the dominant trait. So in this case we will use R. SO go to our notes that means father is the same both big so RR and the mother is different R r (little r is recessive)

Continued Male across the top R R Female down the left side R r

Shown on board Look at #3 on your worksheet

Practice Mice are dominant for black hair and recessive for pink hair. The dad is homozygous recessive and the mom is homozygous dominant. Find % chance of offspring

Practice Two Moose are dominant for purple spots and recessive for no spots the father is heterozygous and the mother is homozygous recessive what are the chances the babies will have spots?

Co-dominance Pratice Mother pig is black and the dad pig has white spots. What will the babies have?

GT Sex linked