Earthquakes Kim Lachler updated 10/2014 NCES 6.E.2.2

Earthquake Ground shaking Earthquakes.mov

Faulting a break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another a break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another Fault blocks – blocks on each side of the fault Fault blocks – blocks on each side of the fault Foot wall - like a ramp Hanging wall - hang from it without touching it

Faulting Normal Fault Normal Fault – rocks are pulled apart by tension – rocks are pulled apart by tension What is this called for tectonic plate boundaries? Divergent Divergent

Faulting Reverse Fault Reverse Fault – rocks are pushed together by compression – rocks are pushed together by compression What is this called for tectonic plate boundaries? Convergent Convergent

Faulting Strike- Slip fault (shear) Strike- Slip fault (shear) – rocks are moved horizontally by opposing forces – rocks are moved horizontally by opposing forces What is this called for tectonic plate boundaries? Transform Transform

What creates an earthquake Plastic deformation – cause rock to bend Plastic deformation – cause rock to bend Elastic deformation – causes rock to stretch Elastic deformation – causes rock to stretch Elastic rebound – causes the rock to snap back Elastic rebound – causes the rock to snap back Earthquake! Earthquake!

Building of Mountains Folded Mountains Folded Mountains – when rock layers are squeezed together and pushed upward – when rock layers are squeezed together and pushed upward The Himalayas

Building of Mountains Fault-Block Mountains Fault-Block Mountains – When tension causes rock to break along a series of normal faults, resulting in different heights – When tension causes rock to break along a series of normal faults, resulting in different heights Hanging Hills Connecticut

Building of Mountains Volcanic Mountains Volcanic Mountains – along convergent boundaries – along convergent boundaries Baker Mountain, Washington

Bibliography Holt, Rinehart & Winston, North Carolina, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Orlando, Fl, 2005 Holt, Rinehart & Winston, North Carolina, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Orlando, Fl, 2005 USGA, tension stress, stress, accessed 10/04/10 USGA, tension stress, stress, accessed 10/04/10 Fold Mountains, accessed 10/04/10 Fold Mountains, accessed 10/04/10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_mountain Fold, accessed 10/04/10 Fold, accessed 10/04/10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_(geology)#Fold_terminology_in_two_dimensions Fault, accessed 10/04/10 Fault, accessed 10/04/10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_(geology Mountain formation, acessed 10/04/10 Mountain formation, acessed 10/04/10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_formation#Fold_mountains Fault-Block mountains, accessed 10/04/10 Fault-Block mountains, accessed 10/04/10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault-block_mountain Ask images, accessed 10/04/10 Ask images, accessed 10/04/10http:// Tylersciencewebsite, accessed 10/19/14 Tylersciencewebsite, accessed 10/19/14http://tylersciencewebsite.weebly.com/earthquakes.html In. Gov, accessed 10/19/14 In. Gov, accessed 10/19/14