Foreign Policy III February 9, 2015

Examples of Domestic Policy Issues List the 5 you think are most important  Federal Budget  Constitutional Rights  Crime and Drugs  The Economy  Education  Health Care  Immigration  Poverty  Minorities

Foreign Policy Defined  Foreign policy:  Policies of the federal government directed to matters beyond (outside) US borders, especially relations with other countries.  International objectives pursued by a country in dealings with other countries, The methods to achieve the objectives, in order to advance national interests.

U.S. Foreign Policy  The U.S. foreign policy is dynamic. It is always changing and will continue to change as times and world affairs change.

Examples of Foreign Policy  Defense  Democracy and Human Rights  Foreign Aid  The Global Environment  International Trade  Weapons Proliferation  Activities in Regions of the World

Goals of Foreign Policy  National Security  World Peace  Self-government (democracy)  Free and Open Trade  Concern for Humanity

I. Goal: National Security  To remain free and independent  To be secure from unwanted foreign influence  Includes the use of ambassadors and treaties  Military  CIA Central Intelligence Agency  FBI Federal Bureau of Investigations

II Goal: World Peace  Promote peace and prevent conflicts  Cooperation with governments of foreign nations  Help save lives, money, and resources in foreign nations  Give aid to foreign nations

III Goal: Self Government /Democracy  Encourage the growth of democracy in other nations and regions Fair elections, choices, individual freedoms

IV. Goal: Free Trade  Trade arrangements where tariffs or other barriers to the free flow of goods and services are eliminated.  The basic argument for free trade is based on the idea that each region should concentrate on what it can produce most cheaply and efficiently and should exchange its products for those it is less able to produce economically.

What are the Disadvantages and Advantages of Free Trade????

Disadvantages of Free Trade:  Small local companies get out maneuvered and overtaken by large corporate companies  Fewer jobs available for some home countries Example: few jobs available for US auto makers  there is more competition.

Advantages of Free Trade  Provides employment around the world  competition creates lower cost of goods  forces countries into specializing in what they are good at  This increased efficiency and results in a lower opportunity costs  Offers access to natural resources around the world Oil, other

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)  A trade agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico, which took effect January 1, Its purpose is to promote trade between one another and increase the efficiency and fairness of trade between the three nations.

V. Goal: Humanitarian  Defined: Having concern for or helping to improve the welfare of other people.  Helps to provide political stability in other nations.  Examples: Aid for natural disasters around the world Aid for food shortages Aid of medical supplies and technology

Foreign Policy Categories  I.Isolationism  II.Imperialism  III.Interventionism

I. Isolationism  Avoidance of international relations: A government policy based on the belief that national interests are best served by avoiding economic and political alliances with other countries.

II. Interventionism  Involvement in another country’s affairs: Political, economic interference or military involvement by one country in the affairs of another.

III. Imperialism  Belief in empire-building: The policy of extending the rule or influence of a country over other countries or colonies.  Domination by an empire: The political, military, or economic domination of one country over another.

Who makes foreign policy in the US?  The President Article II of the US Constitution  establishes the president as commander-in-chief of the military  gives the president the power to: make treaties with other countries appoint ambassadors to other countries and receive ambassadors from other countries  The US Senate Plays a key role in giving approval to the president to take decided upon actions  Carried out by  Vice President  US Department of State Secretary of State

US Department of State  Sometimes called The State Department  Cabinet-level foreign affairs agency of the US government  Part of the Executive Branch of government under the president  The lead U.S. foreign affairs agency  The Department advances U.S. objectives and interests in the world through its primary role in developing and implementing the President's foreign policy  Lead by the Secretary of State the President's principal foreign policy advisor Currently Hillary Clinton 3 rd most powerful position in foreign affairs policy matters 4 th in the presidential line of succession

Decision Making Possible actions government might take:  Do nothing* Pres. statement  Call for negotiations* Propaganda  Economic aid* Economic sanctions  Send military materials* Military presence  Military threats* Blockade  Mobilize troops* Subversive action  Use troops spy  Bombing assassination  Invasion weaken leadership