Notes Science Tennessee SPI Objective: Essential Questions SPI 0807.Inq.2 (Tools and Procedures) Science Tennessee SPI Objective: Select tools and procedures needed to conduct a moderately complex experiment. Essential Questions 1) Which tools and procedures would be best to use when conducting a science experiment?  2) How do I correctly use common scientific tools such as spring scales, triple-beam balances, metric rulers, calculators, graduated cylinders, stop watches, etc. Check for Understanding Identify tools and techniques needed to gather, organize, analyze, and interpret data from a moderately complex scientific investigation.

Notes SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures Science Tools and Procedures in Science Procedures in science are called the scientific method Scientific Method Step 1: Make Observations Step 2: Ask A Question Step 3: Form A Hypothesis Step 4: Test The Hypothesis By doing experiments Step 5: Analyze The Results Step 6: Draw Conclusions Step 7: Communicate results A key task is to test your hypothesis by doing detailed and thorough experiments (step 4 shown above)

Notes Take Notes: just copy down the green text SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures Notes Take Notes: just copy down the green text Science Procedures in Experiments In an experiment you… …measure quantities and/or qualities …should record in detail everything you do and observe. …should conduct multiple trials. …should include independent variables, dependent variables, constants, and controls. Ex: Medical researchers might test a new flu virus vaccine to learn how many people it protects from the flu. (quantity). This is a quantitative/objective measurement. Ex: Software designers might measure the “playability” of new Playstation or X-Box video games (quality). This is a qualitative/subjective measurement.

Key Concepts in Experiments In an experiment… …you should only test for ONE key thing at a time This is called the… Independent Variable …after you introduce the independent variable, you observe what happens. This response/result is called the… Dependent Variable Items or events that are repeated exactly the same way each time you duplicate an experiment are called… Constants NOTE: You should also conduct a control experiment where you either eliminate out the independent variable or use a neutral independent variable (called a placebo)

Scientific Tools In an experiment… …you measure things with the metric system using tools such as: …a spring scale -measures force (weight) -unit of measure: newtons (N)

Scientific Tools In an experiment… …you measure things with the metric system using tools such as: …a graduated cylinder -measures liquid volume and/or -the volume of irregular shaped objects (water displacement method) -unit of measure: milliliter (mL), liter (L) Link (1 min 57 sec): How to Read a Graduated Cylinder Link (3 min 45 sec): Finding the Volume of an Irregular Shaped Object

Scientific Tools When determining the volume of an object… …you can use a metric ruler for regular-shaped solid items. Use this formula: Length x Width x Height -useful for cubes and/or rectangular prisms Link (1 min 7 sec): Calculating Volume of Regular Shapes

In an experiment…you measure things using tools such as: …a triple-beam balance -measures mass -unit of measure: milligrams (mg) , grams (g) , kilograms (kg) Link (2 min 25 sec): How to use a Triple-Beam Balance-Video

Scientific Tools In an experiment…you measure things using tools such as: …a metric ruler or meter stick -measures length -unit of measure: millimeters (mm) , centimeters (cm), meters (m) , kilometers (km)

Scientific Tools In an experiment…you measure things using tools such as: …a thermometer -measures temperature -unit of measure: degrees-Celsius (C) or Kelvins (K)

Scientific Tools In an experiment…you might need to examine tiny things… …you would use a microscope -two types: (1) regular microscopes, (2) electron microscopes

-you could use a pH indicator Scientific Tools In an experiment… …you might need to measure the strength of an acid or base -you could use a pH indicator -unit of measure: pH scale from 0 to 14

Scientific Tools In an experiment… …you might use a galvanometer to measure electrical current -measures both the strength and direction of electrical current …to just measure the current you could use an ammeter

Scientific Tools In an experiment… …you also might use… -beakers -test tubes -flasks beaker Test tubes flask

Scientific Tools In an experiment… …you also might use… -hot plates -petri dishes -burners hot plate Bunsen burner Petri dish

SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures Questions Science

SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures Questions Science

SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures Questions Science

SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures Questions Science

SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures Questions Science