Archaea DLO-like N-fixers Metal-reducers Methanotroph NH 3 + oxidizer Acetogens S-oxidizer High Density Microarray analysis of prokaryotes in planktonic.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Falmouth High School Freshman Science School Grounds Survey Project Kimberly Blenk Gary Glick Chris Moore Summer 2011.
Advertisements

Chapter 1: Section 1 Earth’s Interior.
Sorption of Radionuclides to Tuff in the Presence of Shewanella oneidensis (MR-1) Sherry Faye 1, Jen Fisher 2, Duane Moser 2, Ken Czerwinski 1 1 University.
Acid Mine Drainage. Mining & the Environment Mine overburden & waste soils (mine tailings) are waste products generated by the mining industry. When these.
National Science Foundation Evidence for Multiple Firings of Athenian Pottery Karen Trentelman, The Getty Conservation Institution, DMR Athenian.
Acid Mine Drainage: From Formation to Remediation CE Aquatic Chemistry Julie Giardina Dominike Merle.
Life in the Slow Lane: Deep subsurface geomicrobiology Tom Kieft New Mexico Tech.
The Role of the Bacterioneuston in Air-Sea Gas Exchange
Biological Considerations for Successful Vadose Zone Remediation Fred Brockman Pacific Northwest Natl. Lab. Introduction to Microbes Vadose Zone microbiology.
Microbial Diversity.
RNA-Seq An alternative to microarray. Steps Grow cells or isolate tissue (brain, liver, muscle) Isolate total RNA Isolate mRNA from total RNA (poly.
An Introduction to Acid Mine Drainage by George Mitchell and Tim Craddock.
Chapter 3: Rocks Table of Contents Section 2: Igneous RocksIgneous Rocks.
Determination of Dominant Trace Metal Sequestration Processes in Two Vertical Flow Bioreactors Using Modified Tessier Extractions J.A. LaBar and R.W. Nairn.
Geology, Mining, and Water Quality by Matthew A. Sares.
Mariya Smit and Holly Simon
Matter and Change Part 1 – Properties of Matter. TAKS student expectation Integrated Physics and Chemistry (8) Science Concepts. The student knows that.
Geosciences in an Underground Laboratory:
Deep Subsurface Biosphere
Take home information from this section includes: - What is an element? - A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical or.
Molecular Microbial Ecology
Basic Structure of the Earth
Earth Sciences at DUSEL: Ideas and Progress to Date Eric Sonnenthal & Brian McPherson.
Soil Analysis Of A Volunteer Wetland Danette Miller Advisors: Dr. Nairn and Dr. Strevett University of Oklahoma.
Section 1: The Water Planet
These workers are drilling a hole that will be more than two kilometers deep. Later they will lower instruments into the hole to record data at that depth.
Ch 10 Classification of Microorganisms.
Section 1: Rocks and the Rock Cycle
Characterization of active members in C and N cycles in the subsurface environment of the Witwatersrand Basin M. Lindsay 1, C.Y.M. Lau 1, G. Tetteh 1,
Surface to Lower Biosphere Limit: Long-term Geobiology Reference Transect Why Biology Needs a DUSEL Duane P. Moser Duane P. Moser Desert Research Institute.
Acid Mine Drainage. Yellow boy in a stream receiving acid drainage from surface coal mining. An Enviromental problem in coal- Mining region Degrades water.
Subsurface Microbial Carbon Cycling: Rates and Processes or Recovery and Characterization of a Deep Microbial Ecosystem Brian J. Mailloux Barnard College.
Initial Geochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Henderson Fluids How does knowledge of the site-specific chemistry at Henderson enhance our.
Chapter 1 book f pg. 6 week 3 of term 2.  Earths surface is constantly changing. It has been lifted up, pushed down, bent, broken, melted and turned.
Department of Chemistry-BK 21, SungKyunKwan Univ.
Earth’s Mineral Resources Unit 2 Sect B Environmental Chemistry.
Ch.4. Acid Mines Drainages (AMD)
Radiolysis in the subsurface of rocky planets: An alternative to sunlight energy for life Lisa M. Pratt Provost’s Professor Department of Geological Sciences,
What is acid rock drainage? Metals-7-1 Image: G. Plumlee, USGS.
Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Lab. Songhwan Hwang Functional Genomics DNA Microarray Technology.
Deciphering the structure and function of complex microbial communities is a central theme in microbial ecology.
Fine scale control of microbial communities in deep marine sediments that contain hydrates and high concentrations of methane F.S. Colwell, B. Briggs,
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Minerals of the Earth’s Crust Section 1 What Is a Mineral? Section.
ENHANCEMENT OF HIGHLY MAGNEOSTRICTIVE COBALT FERRITE FOR ADVANCED SENSOR AND ACTUATOR APPLICATIONS I. C Nlebedim Wolfson Centre for Magnetics, Cardiff.
Solid Earth System. The Earth is like an onion, it is made up of many layers. Although we have not been to the center of the Earth, Earthquakes, and volcanoes.
Structure of the Earth and Mineralogy Environmental Science Earth Science Unit Environmental Science Earth Science Unit.
Mineral Formation 11/20/ pgs IN: Why are minerals important? Put your Lab on the books.
Earth’s Interior 6th Grade Earth Science Ms. Mudd.
University of Essex BIODEEP-WP3 Analysis of species diversity, community structures and phylogeny of microorganisms and meiofauna in the Mediterranean.
Microbial Diversity in Drain Hole Waters of the Henderson Mine John R. Spear Jason Sahl Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Colorado School.
Our Essential Question : 6.E.2.1 “What’s Inside the Earth?”
Resources and Energy Section 1 Section 1: Mineral Resources Preview Key Ideas Ores The Formation of Ores and Placer Deposits Uses of Mineral Resources.
Definition of “Mineral” pg. 32 Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. Must exhibit specific characteristics: 1.Must occur naturally. 2.Must be inorganic.
University of Essex BIODEEP-WP3 Analysis of species diversity, community structures and phylogeny of microorganisms and meiofauna in the Mediterranean.
Detecting DNA with DNA probes arrays. DNA sequences can be detected by DNA probes and arrays (= collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid.
Detection of Protistan Genomes in the Environment Rebecca J. Gast Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
Inside the Earth Earth’s Structure
Table of Contents Chapter 3: Rocks Section 2: Igneous Rocks.
A Look Back at Groundwater Geochemistry as an Exploration Tool for Lead and Zinc Deposits in Sinking Valley 82 Field Conference of Pennsylvania Geologists.
Section 2: Types of Minerals
3.3 Other types of microscopy
Solid Earth System.
Formation, Mining, and Use of Minerals
These workers are drilling a hole that will be more than two kilometers deep. Later they will lower instruments into the hole to record data at that depth.
What is acid rock drainage?
7-1 Mineral Resources.
What is acid rock drainage?
3.4 Metamorphic Rocks Textbook pp
These workers are drilling a hole that will be more than two kilometers deep. Later they will lower instruments into the hole to record data at that depth.
Rocks and Minerals.
Presentation transcript:

Archaea DLO-like N-fixers Metal-reducers Methanotroph NH 3 + oxidizer Acetogens S-oxidizer High Density Microarray analysis of prokaryotes in planktonic and biofilm gold mine communities. Comparison of planktonic and biofilm microbial communities in fracture water from the deep subsurface of the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa. Terry Hazen 1, Eoin Brodie 1, Fred Brockman 2, Duane Moser 2, Tom Gihring 2, David Culley 2, Li-Hung Lin 3, Thomas Pray 4, Gary Andersen 1, Paul Richardson 1,5, Lisa Pratt 6 and Tullis Onstott 4. 1 Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 2 Pacific Northwest National Lab, 3 National Taiwan University, 4 Princeton University, 5 Joint Genome Institute, 6 Indiana University Background A deep-branching clade of nearly identical Desulfotomaculum-like, or DLO, 16S rDNA sequences (>99% homology) has been identified as the dominant microorganism in fracture water (14 Kyr to 20 Myr old) from multiple Au mines of the Witwatersrand Basin. The DLO is only the dominant form in the planktonic phase of the deepest (2 – 3 km depth), most saline fracture water and has not been reported as part of the community structure in biofilms that occupy deep, open boreholes with flowing fracture water. Here we compare fracture water planktonic communities from a recently drilled borehole in one mine with biofilm samples collected from an existing borehole at another mine in the Witwatersrand Basin. Methods DNA from fissure water and rock biofilm samples collected from 3m, 6m and 9m into a borehole with fracture water ~ 3 Myr old, was amplified, fragmented and hybridized to our high density 16S microarrays containing 500,000 probes capable of detecting 9,381 prokaryotic OTUs. Clone libraries of 16S rDNA were also generated in order to validate array results. Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize biofilm architecture, while XRD and EDX-S were used to confirm mineral identities.Results Planktonic community composition Biofilm community composition = detected in clone library and array = detected by array only = present in planktonic also = only present in biofilm FeS 2 framboid BaSO 3 crystals Possibly FeS 2 ZnS mineral coating Biofilm interior with various mineral morphologies Biofilm cross section showing dense exopolysaccharide matrix Conclusions Biofilm microbial communities in open boreholes are considerably more diverse than planktonic communities present in fracture water and appear to contain many of the functional groups expected given the geochemistry of an ecosystem where highly reduced, metal, sulfide, H 2 and CH 4 rich water encounter oxygenated mine air. Acknowledgements PlanktonicBiofilm Temperature ( o C)6031 Eh (mV)-330 to pH9.2 to Depth sampled (km below surface) CH 4 9 to 1729 SO 4 2- /S to 1.9/1.1 to /2.7x10 3 Fe< 2 to 7x x10 3 Zn< 2x x10 3 Ba0.2 to 2.5x δ 13 C-CH 4 (‰VPDB) δ 2 H-CH 4 (‰VSMOW) to to -390 mM/L mM/kg Harmony Gold Mine, Inc. for providing access to the boreholes at Evander Mine. Evander geologists Colin Ralston and Pete Roberts. This research was supported by grant EAR from the National Science Foundation LExEn program to T.C. Onstott. Physical and chemical characteristics of planktonic and biofilm samples Contacts: Contacts: – – Low intensity High intensity