Noggin Knockers

Topics Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures States of Matter and their Particles Elements (Atomic #, Mass, # of protons, neutrons, & electrons) Properties of Elements/Using the Periodic Table Bonding- Ionic vs. Covalent Ionic vs. Molecular Compounds (Properties) Chemical Reactions- Types, Balancing Equations, Conservation of Mass, Ratios, Describing Reactions

Rules If you answer correctly, you win the point value of the question. If you answer incorrectly, you DO NOT lose any points. The team with the most points wins!

300 Anything that has mass and takes up space is called ________. The study of matter and how it changes is called __________. The basic building block of matter that CANNOT be broken down chemically is a(n) ___________. All matter is made up of tiny particles called ________. Matter; Chemistry; Element; Atoms

300 How do the properties of a compound compare to the elements that it is made out of? Hint- Think about sodium chloride (NaCl) vs. sodium metal (Na) and chlorine gas (Cl 2 ). They have different properties.

300 Identify the following as an element, compound, or mixture: pure salt (NaCl), oxygen (O 2 ), sugar water? Pure salt = compound Oxygen = element Sugar Water = Mixture

300 Identify the following as a chemical or physical property: fuel can burn, water freezes at 0 o C, rocks can break. Fuel can burn = Chemical Water Freezes = Physical Rocks can break = Physical

300 Write the formula for calcium chloride. Ion chart is on page 23 of your book. What keeps the ions bonded together? CaCl 2 - The attraction of oppositely charged ions (Ca is + and Cl’s are -)

300 What type of bonding involves the sharing of electrons? Covalent Bonding

500 How can you identify an unknown solid substance? Give 2 methods in your answer. Compare its density to known densities and do the same for melting point, boiling point, appearance, and chemical reactivity.

500 Identify the following as a chemical or physical change and explain how you know for each one: mixing baking soda and vinegar & freezing water. Mixing baking soda and vinegar = Chemical (bubbling/fizzing) Freezing water = Physical (ice is still water)

500 What would be an element with similar properties to Fluorine? Explain your answer. The Periodic Table is on page 14 & 15. Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine- all in the same group or column

500 Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for the most common isotope of sodium (Na). The Periodic Table is on page 14 & 15. Protons = 11 (same as Atomic #) Electrons = 11 (neutral so same as p+) Neutrons = 12 (22.99 rounds to 23 for the mass of the most common isotope and = # of neutrons)

1000 A change in energy where energy is given off is called a(n) ___________ change, while a change where energy is absorbed is called a(n) ___________ change. Explain how you expect the temperature to change for each one. Exothermic – fireworks, hand warmers (temp. goes up) Endothermic – cold packs, melting ice (temp. goes down)

1000 Determine the density of a 22 g piece of metal with a volume of 2 mL. Would the object sink or float in water? D = M/V D = 22 g/2 mL = 11 g/mL (about the density of lead) The object would sink.

1000 If a chemical reaction occurs that gives off heat then _________ energy was changed into __________ energy. What’s the type of energy involves light? Chemical into thermal energy. Electromagnetic.

1000 Explain how a gas has more pressure in a closed container when the container is heated. Think about what the gas particles are doing. Gas particles move all around faster while striking the walls of the container more.