A chemical bond is… A.a way of organizing elements in the periodic table. B.the force that holds two atoms together. C.an example of a physical property. D.a result of a physical change. Pre Assessment

The ways in which an atom can bond with other atoms depends on the atom’s A.valence electrons. B.density. C.neutrons. D.atomic mass. Pre Assessment

In a carbon dioxide molecule (CO 2 ), carbon forms a(n) A.ionic compound. B.atomic number. C.polyatomic ion. D.double bond with each of two oxygen atoms. Pre Assessment

The most loosely held electrons in an atom are called A.unstable electrons. B.covalent electrons. C.valence electrons. D.low-energy electrons. Pre Assessment

8-1 Properties of Carbon Science Standard 8.6a- Students know that carbon plays a central role in the chemistry of living organisms.

Anticipatory Set: What do these things have in common? They both are made of carbon atoms. The only difference is the arrangement of the atoms.

Vocabulary Diamond- see vocab sheet graphite- see vocab sheet

Input and Modeling Carbon Atoms and Bonding it plays a central role in living organism’s chemistry because its unique ability to COMBINE in many ways with itself and other elements

Input and Modeling Carbon Atoms and Bonding Valence Electrons: 4 o This means it can form up to 4 bonds (much more than most elements!) carbon will share it’s valence electrons- which means they are COVALENT BONDS carbon can form straight chains, branched chains, or rings

Input and Modeling Forms of Pure Carbon Diamond, graphite, fullerene, and nanotubes are the 4 forms of elemental carbon (or PURE carbon)

Input and Modeling Forms of Pure Carbon- DIAMOND forms at high pressure & temperature crystalline structure each carbon bonds with 4 other carbons extremely hard o used for drills non-reactive melting point 3500 degrees celsius o this is hotter than some stars!

Input and Modeling Forms of Pure Carbon- GRAPHITE bonds in flat layers each carbon is bonded to 3 others is slippery o the layers slide over each other o used as a lubricant on tools to decrease friction

Input and Modeling Forms of Pure Carbon- FULLERENES made in 1985 by scientists is a hollow sphere shape another name is “buckyballs” o not the toy magnets trying to use in medicine

Input and Modeling Forms of Pure Carbon- NANOTUBES made in 1991 long hollow cylinder shape o much like rolled graphite sheets tiny, flexible, very strong, and good conductors o trying to use it in electronics

Check for Understanding What are the four pure carbon forms? Diamond, graphite, fullerenes, and nanotubes graphite hollow spheres What pure carbon form is slippery? What shape are fullerenes?

Guided practice In your notes create a chart and fill in the following information INDEPENDENT PRACTICE: Complete R/R Worksheet 8.1 DiamondGraphiteFullerenesNanotube shape properties discovered uses