Progressive Presidents Chapter 21 Section 3

Theodore Roosevelt  Received the Republican vice-presidential nomination in 1900  Became president after President McKinley was assassinated The “Trustbuster”  Roosevelt was known to support business regulation and other progressive reforms  Northern Securities Company – railroad monopoly formed by JP Morgan and James Hill  The Supreme Court decided that Northern Securities had illegally limited trade and ordered the trust to be taken apart  Known as the TRUSTBUSTER, Roosevelt felt that trusts should be regulated, not destroyed

Labor Crisis  United Mine Workers went on strike in 1902 and the strike went on for months and coal supplies dwindled  Roosevelt sent federal troops to work in the mines  arbitration – settling a dispute by agreeing to the decision of an impartial outsider Square Deal  square deal – fair and equal treatment for all  laissez-faire – French term meaning “let people do as they choose” Conserving the Wilderness  conservation – the protection and preservation of natural resources  In 1905, Roosevelt proposed the U.S. Forest Service

William Howard Taft  In 1908, Roosevelt chose William Howard Taft to run for president  Sixteenth Amendment – gave Congress the power to tax people’s income to generate money for the federal government (Income Tax) Roosevelt Challenges Taft  Roosevelt decided to run for president again against Taft  Roosevelt and his followers formed the Progressive Party  The Progressive Party was also known as the Bull Moose PartyBull Moose Party

The Election of 1912  The Democrats nominated Woodrow Wilson, who won the election because of the split in the Republican party Wilson in the White House  Wilson also criticized big government and called his program “New Freedom”  Federal Reserve Act – passed by Congress to regulate banking  Federal Trade Commission – formed to investigate corporations for unfair trade practices  Clayton Antitrust Act –passed to regulate trusts