Section 2B Standardized Units Pages B

Standardized Unit Systems Metric system (SI) – –Système International U.S. customary system (USCS) – –Roots from ancient Middle Eastern civilizations 2-B Unit conversions within systems. Unit conversions between systems.

U.S. Customary System - Lengths 2-B page101

U.S. Customary System - Weights 2-B page102

U.S. Customary System - Volumes 2-B page102

Conversions within USCS Ex1/103 In the Kentucky Derby, horses race 10 furlongs. How many miles is this? 2-B

Conversions within USCS Ex1/103 In 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, does the title refer to an ocean depth? 2-B [convert marine leagues to miles]

Conversions within USCS 51’/114 If 150 bushels of wheat are traded on one day, how many cubic inches are traded? how many cubic feet?

International Metric System Invented in France, late 18 th century – –Replace many customary units with a few basic units – –Simplify conversions by using a base 10 system 2-B

International Metric System The basic units are: – –meter (m) for length – –gram (g) for mass – –second (s) for time – –liter (L) for volume 2-B

Metric System - Prefixes Moving between metric units requires shifting the decimal place one to the right when going to the next smaller unit and one to the left when going to the next larger unit. (Example: 5.23 m) 2-B

Conversions within Metric System Convert 19 decimeters to millimeters: – –Move the decimal 2 places to the RIGHT: – –1900 millimeters Convert 1378 g to kg: – –Move the decimal 3 places to the LEFT: – –1.378 kg 2-B

USCS - Metric Conversions USCS to MetricMetric to USCS 1 in. = cm1 cm = in. 1 ft = m 1 m = 3.28 ft 1 yd = m1 m = yd 1 mi = km1 km = mi 1 lb = kg1 kg = lb 1 fl oz = mL1 mL = fl oz 1 qt = L1 L = qt 1 gal = L1 L = gal 2-B

Conversions between Metric and USCS 60*/114 Convert 1550 millimeters to yards. 63/114 Convert 45 liters to gallons. 65/114 Convert 8550 square feet to square meters. 67/114 Convert 10 kilograms per cubic meter to pounds per cubic foot.

More Practice 103/117 You see oranges in an Italian market priced at 0.8 euro per kilogram. What is the price in dollars per pound? 105/117 A French car manufacturer claims that its newest economy model has gas “mileage” of 20 kilometers per liter. What is the gas mileage in miles per gallon?

Homework 2B – Part I Pages #48,50,60,62,68,104,106 2-B

Temperature Units Fahrenheit (US) – –Water freezes at 32ºF, boils at 212ºF Celsius (International) – –Water freezes at 0ºC, boils at 100ºC Kelvin (Scientific) – –Water freezes at K, boils at K – –Coldest known temperature = 0 Kelvin ( ºF = ºC) 2-B

Converting Temperatures (page107) 2-B To Convert fromConversion Formula Celsius to Fahrenheit F = 1.8C + 32 Fahrenheit to CelsiusC = (F-32)/1.8 Celsius to KelvinK = C Kelvin to CelsiusC = K

Example Ex6/108 A ‘normal’ human temperature is 98.6ºF What is that in Celsius and Kelvin? 2-B 98.6 o F = 37 o C = o K

Energy and Power Energy is what makes matter move or heat up. The international unit of energy is the joule. Power is the rate at which energy is used. The international metric unit of power is the watt, defined as A kilowatt-hour is a unit of energy and 1 kWh = joules = 3.6 million joules 2-B 1 kw x 1hr = 1000j/s x 60s/m x 60m/hr x 1 hr

93/116 Your refrigerator uses an average power of 350 watts, and your utility company charges 10 cents per kilowatt- hour of energy. How much does it cost to run your refrigerator for a year? 2-B Conversion: 350 watts is 350 joules per second Usage for one year: Conversion from joules to kilowatt-hours (1 kilowatt-hour = 3.6 million joules): Cost for one year:

Units of Density/Concentration Density ( e.g. material, population) – describes compactness or crowding. – –material: mass/volume (g/cm 3) – –Population: people/mi 2 Concentration (e.g. pollutants, BAC) describes the amount of one substance mixed with another. – –pollutants: ppm – –BAC: g/100mL (legal limit is 0.08g/100mL) 2-B

Example Ex9/111-2 Manhattan Island has a population of ≈ 1.5 million people living in an area of about 57 km 2. What is its population density? How much space is available per person? 2-B

Example (for fun) Ex9/111-2(cont.) How much space is that per person? Which is roughly 6m×6m, or 20 ft × 20 ft 2-B

Example Ex10/112 An average-sized man has about 5L of blood, and an average 12-ounce beer contains 15g of alcohol. If all the alcohol were immediately absorbed into the bloodstream, what would his BAC be? 2-B

More Practice 79/114 The land area of the US is about 3.5 million square miles, and the population is about 280 million people. What is the average population density? 83/114 A typical glass of wine contains about 20 grams of alcohol. Consider a 110-pound woman, with approximately 4 liters of blood who drinks two glasses of wine. Assuming immediate absorption, what is her BAC?

Homework 2B – Part II Pages #70, #72, #80, #84, #94 2-B