The Kingdom Plantae  This kingdom is composed of multicellular, eukaryotic autotrophes.

Kingdom Plantae  The Producers  Plants are the chief producers in all ecosystems.  Virtually all food webs rely on plants ability to convert energy (sunlight) into matter (carbohydrates)  The Producers  Plants are the chief producers in all ecosystems.  Virtually all food webs rely on plants ability to convert energy (sunlight) into matter (carbohydrates)

2 Phyla  There are 2 phyla in the kingdom plantae.  The first are the bryophytes.  Bryophytes are plants that lack true leaves and stems.  Bryophytes cannot grow tall because they do not contain vascular tissue.  There are 2 phyla in the kingdom plantae.  The first are the bryophytes.  Bryophytes are plants that lack true leaves and stems.  Bryophytes cannot grow tall because they do not contain vascular tissue.

Vascular tissue  Vascular tissue acts as a transport system in some plants.  The two types are called Xylem and Phloem.  Xylem transports water from the roots to the rest of the plant.  Phloem transports nutrients from the leaves to the rest of the plant.  Vascular tissue acts as a transport system in some plants.  The two types are called Xylem and Phloem.  Xylem transports water from the roots to the rest of the plant.  Phloem transports nutrients from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

Bryophytes  Bryophytes do not grow flowers or fruit, nor do they produce seeds.  They cannot grow tall, all cover the ground and trees like a carpet.  They alternate between sexual and asexual reproduction.  Bryophytes are only found in moist environments.  Bryophytes do not grow flowers or fruit, nor do they produce seeds.  They cannot grow tall, all cover the ground and trees like a carpet.  They alternate between sexual and asexual reproduction.  Bryophytes are only found in moist environments.

Types of bryophytes.  Mosses  These are small, soft plants that tend to grow in clumps in shady areas with a lot of moisture.  Mosses  These are small, soft plants that tend to grow in clumps in shady areas with a lot of moisture.

Types of bryophytes  Liverworts and hornworts  It is estimated that there are 6000 to 8000 species of liverworts  Tend to have simpler structures than mosses.  The first plant?  Bryophytes! Bryophytes!  Liverworts and hornworts  It is estimated that there are 6000 to 8000 species of liverworts  Tend to have simpler structures than mosses.  The first plant?  Bryophytes! Bryophytes!

Tracheophytes  More complex than bryophytes.  Are capable of growing very tall.  Some trees are over 350 feet tall.  3 classes  Ferns  Gymnosperms  Angiosperms  More complex than bryophytes.  Are capable of growing very tall.  Some trees are over 350 feet tall.  3 classes  Ferns  Gymnosperms  Angiosperms

Ferns  The most similar to bryophytes.  Like the bryophytes ferns reproduce with an alteration of generations.  Only found in moist areas.  Leaves are called fronds.  Can grow as big as trees in the tropics.  The most similar to bryophytes.  Like the bryophytes ferns reproduce with an alteration of generations.  Only found in moist areas.  Leaves are called fronds.  Can grow as big as trees in the tropics.

Fern-coal connection  Ferns were once the dominant form of plant life on earth.  Coal comes from fossilized fern forests.  Ferns were once the dominant form of plant life on earth.  Coal comes from fossilized fern forests.

The Gymnosperms  Produce seeds that are stored within cones.  Often referred to as conifers, most know then as evergreens or pines.  Have specialized leaves which resemble needles.  Produce seeds that are stored within cones.  Often referred to as conifers, most know then as evergreens or pines.  Have specialized leaves which resemble needles.

Gymnosperms  Gymnosperms are always losing and growing new needles, but are never completely bare.  Adapted to cold climates. (needles and resin)  Important commercially for lumber and paper.  Gymnosperms are always losing and growing new needles, but are never completely bare.  Adapted to cold climates. (needles and resin)  Important commercially for lumber and paper.

Angiosperms  Angiosperm means “hidden seeds”.  Seeds produced by angiosperms are covered by a fruiting body.  Angiosperms also produce flowers.  Angiosperm means “hidden seeds”.  Seeds produced by angiosperms are covered by a fruiting body.  Angiosperms also produce flowers.

Angiosperms and animals. Angiosperms produce fruit as a mean of seed dispersal. Animals eat the fruit and then scatter the seeds in their wastes. Angiosperms also produce flowers. Angiosperms produce fruit as a mean of seed dispersal. Animals eat the fruit and then scatter the seeds in their wastes. Angiosperms also produce flowers.

Angiosperms  All flowering and fruiting plants are angiosperms.  Most angiosperm trees lose their leaves seasonally.  Two types of angiosperms, monocots and dicots.  Tracheophytes!! Tracheophytes!!  All flowering and fruiting plants are angiosperms.  Most angiosperm trees lose their leaves seasonally.  Two types of angiosperms, monocots and dicots.  Tracheophytes!! Tracheophytes!!