Cell cycle and mitosis notes Introduction video: http://www. youtube

Cell Growth Does an animal get larger because each cell increases in size or because it produces more of them?

Cell Growth As you might have guessed, living things grow by producing more cells. The koalas have the same size cells, just one has more then the other.

Limits to Cell growth The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places on its DNA. In addition, the cell has more trouble moving enough nutrients and wastes across the cell membrane. The cell can’t grow. It must reproduce!

How does the cell cycle work? Label the cell cycle from this video: http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/cha pter10/how_the_cell_cycle_works.html

Answer the following questions in your notes… 1. Which of the following represents the correct order of the phases of the cell cycle? A) G1 -> G2 -> S -> M B) G1 -> G2 -> M -> S C) G1 -> S -> G2 -> M D) G1 -> S -> M -> G2 E) G1 -> M -> G2 -> S

2. The division of the cytoplasm is called A) synapsis. B) mitosis. C) meiosis. D) cytokinesis. E) cytogenetics.

3. Which of the following represents the correct order of the phases of mitosis? A) prophase -> anaphase -> metaphase -> telophase B) prophase -> metaphase -> anaphase -> telophase C) prophase -> metaphase -> telophase -> anaphase D) metaphase -> prophase -> telophase -> anaphase E) metaphase -> prophase -> anaphase -> telophase

4. DNA replication occurs in mitosis. A) True B) False 5. Mitosis and cytoplasmic division result in the formation of two genetically identical cells.

We will do this cell cycle online activity together. You will fill in the blanks in your notes as we go along… http://nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/2001/ END OF CELL CYCLE PART OF NOTES

Now that you know what the cell cycle is and how it works, let’s look more into one step of it called Mitosis!

Mitosis We have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) Mitosis is the cell division of the NUCLEUS. We have chromosomes inside the nucleus. Chromosomes Made of DNA (chromatin) Found in the nucleus Number depends on the organism We have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs)

There are 4 phases in Mitosis, and 2 extra phases that are not considered a part of mitosis (as we saw in the cell cycle)...

I P on a MAT C http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm *Interphase: preparation between split MITOSIS: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase *Cytokinesis: cells split http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

Mitosis produces identical offspring (2N---2N)

Let’s watch this video again, but this time you’ll fill in the information about MITOSIS! Draw pictures! http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/cha pter10/how_the_cell_cycle_works.html

Use your hands to memorize the steps! I’ll show you!

The following slides summarize the video we just watched…we will go through them quickly.

interphase DNA replicates (copies). Chromatin coils and become chromosomes.

interphase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Prophase 1st stage of mitosis Longest stage Nuclear membrane dissolves. Centrioles (or poles) appear and move to opposite end of the cell. Spindle fibers form between the poles.

Prophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Spindle fibers Centrioles Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Metaphase 2nd step in mitosis Chromosomes line up SINGLE file along the equator.

Metaphase Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Anaphase 3rd step in mitosis Chromatids separate and are pulled towards the poles

Anaphase Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Telophase 4th step in mitosis Nuclear membrane reforms Spindle disappears Cytokinesis begins

Telophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

http://highered. mcgraw-hill http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter10/animation_-_cytokinesis.html cytokinesis the division of the cytoplasm to make two complete daughter cells

Taks questions If a cat has 38 chromosomes in each of its body cells, how many chromosomes will be in each daughter cell after mitosis? F 11 G 19 H 38 J 76

Taks questions The diagram shows cell division in which an error has occurred. Which of these statements is most accurate? A Cell A lacks the cytoplasm necessary to continue normal cell functions. B Cell B contains enough genetic material for the cell to reproduce itself. C Cell A is free of any mutation present in the genetic material of the parent cell. D Cell B lacks instructions for making the proteins necessary for cell metabolism.

Here’s a rap that can help you with Mitosis! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iKWAkH_ 6WT0&playnext_from=TL&videos=RWQGWi cDQog

What stage is this? ANAPHASE!

What stage is this? METAPHASE!

What stage is this? ANAPHASE!

What stage is this? PROPHASE!