Mitosis Review
1. What is the purpose of mitosis?
To make new daughter cells when a cell becomes to old, too large or damaged.
How many daughter cells are made during mitosis?
2
What is the purpose of meiosis?
To make gametes for the purpose of sexual reproduction.
How many daughter cells are made during meiosis?
4
What are the three parts of the cell cycle?
1. Interphase 2. Mitosis 3. Cytokinesis
What happens during Interphase?
G1, S, G2 G1: primary growth phase S: Synthesis; DNA replicated G2: Secondary growth phase
What are the phases of mitosis?
Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
Which phase is it?
17 Four Mitotic Stages Prophase Prophase Metaphase Metaphase Anaphase Anaphase Telophase Telophase
Spindle fibers(microtubules) called ________________ attach to the centromere of each chromosome.
kinetochores
The nuclear envelope and nucleolus are broken down in _________________ phase of mitosis. It then reappears during _______________.
Prophase, telophase
The longest phase of the cell cycle is_____________________.
Interphase
The longest phase of mitosis is _____________________
prophase
During ________________ which occurs rapidly, the sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell by kinetochores.
anaphase
During ______________ chromosomes are lined up at the equator.
metaphase
How many chromosomes are there in a human autosome?
46
How many chromosomes are there in a human gamete?
23
Having a full set of chromosomes in a cell is also known as________________.
diploid
Have half a set of chromosomes in a cell is known as______________.
Haploid.
What is the purpose of a karyotype?
To view the paired chromosomes from largest to smallest. It can show if there is an extra set of chromosomes. (Down’s syndrome)
Why would destroying a cell’s ability to use their spindle fibers (microtubules) affect the cell growth?
A cell can not growth into two new daughter cells without the help of the spindle fibers.
An uncontrolled rate of cell growth is known as_______________
cancer
How is cytokinesis different in a human cell to that of a plant cell?
A human cell will form a furrow. A plant cell will form a plate wall between the two new cells.
During ____________ sister chromatids are at opposite poles.
telophase
During a karyotype the sex chromosomes indicated: XX. Is this a boy or a girl?
girl
Duplicated chromosomes are called _______________ and are help together by their ________________.
Chromatids, centromere
Why can’t a person see the chromosomes during interphase?
They are long, thin and stringy (known as chromatin). They have just duplicated.