Section 6 Versailles Treaty and the Fourteen Points Objective: To evaluate the treaty and American response.

Discussion Question (record in journal – section 6 question) Do you favor more of a global government…the United States having to obey rulings passed by the United Nations? Why or why not?

Peace in the East: Czar Nicholas II overthrown, but democracy was short lived due to Vladimir Lenin who was inspired by the writings of Karl Marx with communism replacing capitalism; and led the Bolsheviks; everyone ’ s wealth and property was taken by the communists. Were world leaders (Wilson and Winston Churchill) for or against Lenin? Against

Lenin overthrows the Czar

Lenin takes over

Lenin sets up communism

I’m taking all wealth and property and eliminate all opposition.

We have to stop him

Treaty of Brest- Litovsk Peace between Russia and Germany

Set off the race to France

Stop Communism; anarchists set up bombs Red Scare

I’m approving raids to stop Communism Mitchell Palmer (above)

I’m smashing Communism J. Edgar Hoover (above)

I’m smashing Communism

I’m smashed Communism

Sacco-Vanzetti case Two anarchists convicted and executed for robbery and murder. Showed the problem of radicals in the U.S. and that the government was willing to go after radicals.

America on the Western Front Meuse-Argonne Offensive Pershing fought and led an American line on the Western Front and was responsible for the Meuse-Argonne Offensive victory which was the turning point. The Germans realized all was lost.

I have 14 points to show you guys.

Fourteen Points (Wilson’s plan for peace) 1.No secret treaties 2.Freedom of the Seas 3.Free trade 4.Arms reduction Territory adjustment 14. League of Nations

End of the war Armistice Nov. 11, 1918

Bonus Point Opportunity Armistice Day was celebrated November 11, but after WWII, it became a new holiday that we celebrate today. What is the holiday called?

Bonus Point Opportunity Veterans Day

End of the war Treaty of Versailles (Big Four – Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George of Britain, Georges Clemenceau of France, and Vittorio Orlando of Italy.

End of the war Versailles Conference Wilson went in with the Fourteen Points but ended up agreeing with France and Britain to punish Germany if France and Britain agreed to the League of Nations.

End of the war Harsh on Germany: war guilt, reparations, lost colonies, demilitarize, be occupied for 15 years

Wilson vs. the Senate Henry Cabot Lodge (R) – one of the most outspoken senators against the treaty (the U.S. Senate must ratify all treaties). I don’t like the treaty.

Wilson vs. the Senate Henry Cabot Lodge (R) – one of the most outspoken senators against the treaty (the U.S. Senate must ratify all treaties). Why not? I think it’s good

Wilson vs. the Senate Henry Cabot Lodge (R) – one of the most outspoken senators against the treaty (the U.S. Senate must ratify all treaties). The League of Nations is bad since other nations could commit us to war…

Wilson vs. the Senate Henry Cabot Lodge (R) – one of the most outspoken senators against the treaty (the U.S. Senate must ratify all treaties). …plus it’s too open- ended. You can’t form nations just based on ethnicity. Do you want the American Southwest to be independent?

Wilson vs. the Senate Lodge only controlled 49 votes (47 seats held by Dems.). If Wilson stayed and negotiated, he could’ve swayed some of the 49 into a compromise. His decision led to him having a stroke. Well then I’m going to travel the nation and gain public support.

Wilson vs. the Senate The treaty was not ratified and the U.S. never joined the League of Nations.

Evaluations World War I was initially called the “war to end all wars.” Obviously, that didn’t work out. Is it possible to end all war? Why or why not? Wilson’s Fourteen Points were an example of his Progressive beliefs in which he saw a more global organization of law. Do you agree with his Fourteen Points, or do they create too much global power infringing on the rights of a independent nations (if agreed to, nations wouldn’t be allow do build defense as they saw fit, charge tariffs, negotiate trade pacts)? Was the Treaty of Versailles harsh toward Germany (do you agree with the harshness analysis) or is it justified? Why? If you were a senator, would you have ratified the treaty? Why or why not? Should Wilson have debated and compromised with the Senate or was it a good idea to travel the nation making speeches to try to get public support (regardless of his stroke)? What were the unintended consequences of the treaty (watch video clip and answer from the clip)?

World War I Pinheads and Patriots Give the pinhead label to the person/event that most deserves it. Give the patriot label to the person/event that most deserves it.

Map: make the changes on your map of Europe.

Did you meet the objective? How did the treaty impact future world events and impact America?