Church History the Theologians the Word & Table through two millennium

Church History the Theologians the Word & Table through two millennium

A Timeline of Church History Medieval Church AncientChurch ReformationChurch 2000 ModernChurch ca. 33

Ancient Church Timeline TheologiansApologistsChurchFathersApostles ?

Developments in the Ancient Church (up to 600 AD) “The Way” is established apart from Judaism. Jesus Christ is THE issue. “The Way” is established apart from Judaism. Jesus Christ is THE issue. The Apostolic Faith is “Codified.” The Apostolic Faith is “Codified.” Church Traditions Develop –good & bad–Setting things into Motion for Centuries. Church Traditions Develop –good & bad–Setting things into Motion for Centuries.  Doctrinal Orthodoxy is Established through a series of Ecumenical Councils.  The New Testament is Gathered & Closed.  Politics play a Major Role in Church Life, the Foundation for “Christendom.”

Church’s Cultural Beginnings Politically – Roman Politically – Roman Culturally – Greek Culturally – Greek Religiously - Jewish Religiously - Jewish Surrounding the Early Church

Church’s Cultural Impact Early Politically – Roman Politically – Roman Culturally – Greek/Latin Culturally – Greek/Latin Religiously – Christian Religiously – Christian The Centering of the Early Church

Flavius Valerius Constantinus greatly exceeds the Edict of Milan and extends to the Church a status far surpassing the wildest dreams of its earliest adherents. Politics Play a Permanent Role

Leo the Great & Attila the Hun Politics Play a Permanent Role

Christ’s Sufferings are grossly misunderstood & grossly misunderstood & misapplied. misapplied. Fiery Trials & Fallout

The Major Ecumenical Councils Nicea Constantinople Ephesus – 431 Chalcedon – 451 Synod of Orange Constantinople Constantinople – 681 ArianismArianism/ApollinarismNestorianismEutychianismPelagianismMonphysitismMonotheletism

-We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all that is, seen and unseen. -We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all that is, seen and unseen. -We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only son of God, eternally begotten of the Father, God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, of one being with the Father. Through him all things were made. For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven: by the power of the Holy Spirit he became incarnate from the Virgin Mary, and was made man. For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate; he suffered death and was buried. On the third day he rose again in accordance with the Scriptures; he ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and his kingdom will have no end. -We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only son of God, eternally begotten of the Father, God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, of one being with the Father. Through him all things were made. For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven: by the power of the Holy Spirit he became incarnate from the Virgin Mary, and was made man. For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate; he suffered death and was buried. On the third day he rose again in accordance with the Scriptures; he ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and his kingdom will have no end. -We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father [and the Son]. With the Father and the Son he is worshipped and glorified. He has spoken through the Prophets. We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church. We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins. We look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. AMEN -We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father [and the Son]. With the Father and the Son he is worshipped and glorified. He has spoken through the Prophets. We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church. We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins. We look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. AMEN What Do We Believe?

Where Was the Bible?  It was used by Everyone to Argue their Points.  Jerome translates the Vulgate, 4 th Century.  NT Canon is Gathered & Recognized, 4 th Century.*  Allegory vs. the School at Antioch The Theologians and the Scriptures

W here Was the Church’s Mission?  Ufilas went to the Visigoths and Translated a copy of the Scriptures for them ( AD).  Martin of Tours, patron saint of France, preached to the Burgundians ( AD).  Gregory of Tours worked with the Franks & ended the Arian Influence in that area (~496 AD).  Patrick of Ireland ( AD).  Columba ( AD), converted in Ireland and left to Evangelize Scotland.  Aidon (7 th Century), Evangelized Northern England from Scotland. Missions in the Age of the Theologians

The Legacy of The Theologians What Can We Learn from “The Theologians”?  Doctrine Matters – We Should Study & Engage the Ideas of our Day.  The Faith has been Tried in Many Circumstances.  The Canon Should Retain a Pivotal Place.  Positions of Power Affect Allegiance & Belief.  Persistence is Critical.

Pope Gregory I – aka “the Great”  Upholds Rome’s Supremacy.  Takes on Civic Duties  Affirms the Previous Councils. On to the Middle Ages

A Timeline of Church History Medieval Church AncientChurch ReformationChurch 2000 ModernChurch ca. 33 Gregory I ~600 AD Gregory VII ~1100 AD Boniface VIII ~1300AD Pepin “the Short” 754 AD

Pope Gregory I (540 – 604)  The Mass ~ a Sacrifice. Gregory sees a real corporeal presence; the elements are altered.  He accommodates “a popular faith,” leading to superstition, the extreme aspects of Augustine’s grace & predestination are dulled.  A High Note: Affirms the Atonement as Substitution. Major Errors of the Papacy

The Papacy’s Political Power Rises  Pepin the Short crushes the Lombards (751) and the Pope Crowns him King of France.  Gregory VII gets bold: He ought to be able to able to depose emperors! The church has never erred! Politics Trump the Gospel

Pope Gregory VII (1056 – 1106)  The Investiture Struggle: Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV vs. Pope “Hildebrand.”  Prior to this Emperors appointed Bishops.  Concordant of Worms, 1122, ends the practice. Major Errors of the Papacy

A Timeline of Church History Medieval Church AncientChurch ReformationChurch 2000 ModernChurch ca. 33 Gregory I ~600 AD Gregory VII ~1100 AD Boniface VIII ~1300AD Pepin “the Short” 754 AD

Pope Boniface VIII (1234 – 1303)  Unum Sanctum (1302) – the Papacy’s High Water Mark  There is One Holy Catholic Church…we do firmly believe and simply confess that outside this church there is no salvation or remission of sins. Major Errors of the Papacy

Pope Boniface VIII (1234 – 1303)  Unum Sanctum continued…  In this church and in her power are two swords, a spiritual one and temporal one (Luke 22:38 & Matt. 26:52).  “…if the earthly power errs, it shall be judged by the spiritual power, if a lesser errs it shall be judged by its superior, but if the supreme power errs it shall be judged only by God and not man.” Major Errors of the Papacy

I Few Other Things that Made a Difference...  The Rise of Islam, Vikings in North  The Crusades  Charlemagne, Scholasticism (doctrine from the previous ages is worked over using logic & dialectic), the Rise of the University. What Did We Miss?

Church History the Medieval Church the Word & Table through two millennium