Accessing Parliament and using research effectively Gary Hart Lynn Hobson June

Parliament’s Outreach Service  a free service from the Houses of Parliament  politically neutral  aims to increase knowledge and engagement with work and processes of

Session objectives By the end of this session, you will know:  The ways your research could be used at Parliament  How to present your research effectively at Parliament  What there is to find in terms of Parliamentary Resources  Who to contact in Parliament and how.

The core tasks of Parliament Makes and passes laws Holds Government to account Enables the Government to set taxes

Parliament (Westminster)  Commons, Lords and Monarch  holds Government to account  passes Government (Whitehall) some MPs and some Lords, chosen by the Prime Minister runs Government departments and public services

Balancing the Brief  Library and Committee staff work for backbench and opposition MPs.  Ministers have hundreds of civil servants behind them.  Front-bench spokespeople do not serve on Committees (by

How does Parliament use research? House of Commons Select Committees House of Lords Select Committees Public Bill Committees House of Commons Library House of Lords Library Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (POST)

Commons select committees  Departmental select committees: Examine spending, policies and administration in each Government department  Cross-departmental committees: e.g. Public Accounts or Environmental Audit  Domestic committees: concerned with internal matters e.g. administration of the House itself or allegations about the conduct of individual MPs  Liaison Committee: oversight role – made up of all 33 Chairs of select committees 8

House of Lords select committees  Examine issues rather than the work of specific departments  Investigate specialist subjects which take advantage of the experience of members of the Lords  Five main Lords select committees:  European Union Select Committee  Science and Technology Select Committee  Communications Select Committee  Constitution Select Committee  Economic Affairs Select Committees

Support for Select Committee Inquiries  Clerk – procedure expert, manages committee  Second clerk – “clerk in training”, manages inquiries  2 x Committee specialists – subject experts, manages and advises on inquiries, brief Members (suggests questions!)  Admin staff, media officer  CALL WITNESSES  APPOINT SPECIAL ADVISERS FOR INQUIRIES  RECEIVE WRITTEN

Role of Select Committees  Select Committee Chairs were elected on cross party basis 17th June  We expect Committee members to be in place by 21 July  Examine Government policy proposals and deficiencies.  Examine department’s actions and administration. Monitor associated public bodies.  Scrutinise major appointments.  Scrutinise draft bills.  Examine the implementation of legislation

The Committee inquiry process 4. Report publication 5. Government reply 3. Report preparation 1. Inquiry initiation 2. Evidence gathering

Engaging with Committees  Submitting evidence ◦Written ◦Oral  Contact with staff ◦Informal  Specialist Adviser ◦formal  Work placement?  Keep up to date with committee activity – twitter, press notices, parliament.uk  Consider outputs that set out research developments and their potential policy applications

Public Bill Committees  Hear evidence  Consider legislation, clause by clause.  Ad hoc – no fixed membership  May not be expert  Government has a majority  Report back to the House where controversial issues may be debated again  More party political  A good point to lobby for very specific legislative changes  A word on pre- legislative scrutiny (draft bills): easier to influence policy formation

Evidence submission The better evidence submissions:  directly address the questions asked by the Committee,  explain any complicated findings in a simple but intelligent way,  tailor which bits of research they present to be relevant to the inquiry,  gives sources of further information,  only gives information relevant to the inquiry The less good evidence submissions:  give over-complicated information,  give irrelevant information,  do not answer the question,  present information in a way incomprehensible for non- academics.

 Use the terms of reference: you need to tailor your research to the specific inquiry  Answer the questions posed in the Call for Evidence  Write for an intelligent non-specialist: be relevant and concise  State clearly who the submission is from - “Written evidence submitted by xxxxxxx”  Begin with a short summary in bullet form  No more than 3000 words (or 8 sides of A4)  Have numbered paragraphs  Any factual information you have to offer from which the committee might be able to draw conclusions, or which could be put to other witnesses for their reactions  Any recommendations for action by the Government or others which you would like the committee to consider Submitting research

Impact of Select Committees Direct impact  Difficult to measure  40% of recommendations to Government accepted either partially or fully. (“Selective Influence: The Policy Impact of Select Committees” - research published in 2011 by Constitution Unit at UCL) Indirect impact  Influence on policy debates  Highlighting issues which the Government might not have considered  Offering expert independent advice  Exposing wrongful acts or inconsistencies in Government policy  Causing the Government to act in anticipation of a select committee inquiry  Participation by the chair and other Committee members in conferences, think tanks, media appearances

Misconceptions  Provide specialist impartial information and briefing service for MPs, Peers, their staff, committees and staff of the Houses  For all parties  Subject specialists, 8 subject areas  Produce wide range of briefing material  Available online at under research publicationswww.parliament.uk House of Commons and House of Lords Libraries

What is Library work used for?  Opposition Front Bench team  Hold Government to account  Backbenchers – ◦Scrutinising legislation ◦Debates (debate packs) ◦Media appearances ◦Constituents, surgeries ◦Specialist interests  Select Committees  Other Parliaments’ Members

Main ‘outputs’  Confidential briefings for MPs; 250 a month  Publish 100+ ‘standard notes’ on internet each year  Daily ‘current awareness’ to over 100 subscribers  Personal briefings – e.g. new Opposition spokespersons  Library Research Papers

Engaging with the Library  Keep in touch with individual Library Specialists – let them know about research developments  Follow the Library or on  Research Council funded internships in the future.  Specialists can be a conduit for getting information to policy makers  Library and committees increasingly co-located – a big group of specialists

Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology: POSTNotes  Each note take 3-4 months  Interviews with around 15 experts  Examples of notes: Mental Health and the WorkplaceMental Health and the Workplace Measuring WellbeingMeasuring Wellbeing Advanced ManufacturingAdvanced Manufacturing Water Resource ResilienceWater Resource Resilience Balancing Nature and Agriculture Balancing Nature and Agriculture Energy Use Behaviour ChangeEnergy Use Behaviour Change

Administration Board – ten MPs, four Peers, four non- parliamentarians from science and technology community; and some parliamentary staff Staff – a Director, eight Advisers and two support staff Fellowships – ca. 30 per year

POST’s work must be... Clear Timely Balanced Independent Comprehensive

POSTnotes

Events

All Party Parliamentary Groups  Not formally recognised as a parliamentary proceeding  Often confused with Select Committees  Can do good work and carry influence (eg food waste, treatment of asylum seekers)  Must have a mix of parties amongst membership and members of both Houses  May be funded by interest groups. This should be apparent on publications but can be absent so beware.  Register of APPGs can be found on the internet  APPGs are a useful way to identify MPs/Lords with an interest in a certain issue

Where can I get information?     Commons Information Office  Lords Information Office  Parliament’s Outreach Service @UKParlOutreach