Absolute Monarchs in Europe,

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Absolute Monarchs in Europe
Advertisements

Absolute Rulers of Russia
ABSOLUTISM & THE ENLIGHTENMENT
Absolute Monarchs in Europe, 1500–1800
 Definition- An absolute monarch is a king or queen with absolute power (total control)
Central European Monarchs Clash Chapter 21, Section 3.
Age of Absolutism Global Studies 9 Mrs. Hart. Absolutism Absolutism is a political theory that puts for the idea that a ruler has complete and unrestricted.
Crisis and Absolutism. The Big Idea Crisis breeds Revolution and Change Both political and social.
21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe, 1500–1800
Absolute Rulers of Russia Chapter 21, Section 4. Section Opener Peter the Great makes many changes in Russia to try to make it more like western Europe.
Absolute Monarchs in Europe,
    8 th and 9 th centuries, all of Spain except tiny Christian kingdoms in the far north is controlled by Muslims  Reconquest – 500.
Do Right Now Define the term Absolute Ruler in your own words, then provide 3 examples of an Absolute Ruler.
Central European Monarchs Clash
Absolute Monarchs. Spanish Empire Phillip II of Spain  Great Grandson of Ferdinand & Isabella  Spain, Portugal, Africa, India, East Indies.
The Reign of Louis XIV Chapter 21, Section 2. Section Opener After a century of war and riots, France was ruled by Louis XIV, the most powerful monarch.
Unit 11/12 Review. Who Am I?  Calvinist king of Scotland who inherited English throne from Elizabeth I  James I.
 kings/queens believe everything in their territory is their property  Answer only to God, not his/her subjects.
9/21/ Absolute Monarchy in Europe World Studies Chapter 21.
Absolute Monarchs 1500–1800 Philip II Spain Louis XIV France Peter the Great Russia Frederick II Prussia.
CHAPTER 19 ABSOLUTISM ABSOLUTISM. A FLEET OF WARSHIPS IN SPAIN.
Absolute Rulers of Russia
Absolute Rulers of Russia Chapter 21, Section 4. Section Opener Peter the Great makes many changes in Russia to try to make it more like western Europe.
Europe Rulers reduced power of the church and local nobles/officials and built power for themselves in order to have absolute rule and not lose.
Chapter 21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe
Chapter 21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe. Spain’s Empire Ruled by Philip II He was a defender of Catholicism, Europe was experiencing religious wars caused.
AGE OF ABSOLUTISM (UNIT 3, CHAPTER 21) GRAPHIC ORGANIZER NOTES
Absolute Monarchs in Europe Chapter 21 Section 4 and 5.
Absolute Monarchs in Europe Chapter 21. What is Absolutism? Political belief that one ruler should have total (ABOLUTELY ALL) power –Despot-Ruler with.
Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism Chapter 21, Section 1.
Age of Absolutism Chapter 17.
ABSOLUTISM & THE ENLIGHTENMENT
Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism
Absolutism in Europe. Europe Monarchs were strengthened through their colonies –Economic growth through mercantilism –Goal to become most wealthy nation.
Absolute Monarchy vs. Constitutional Monarchy (summing up)
 Spain – 1580  Father was Charles V – Holy Roman Empire  Great grandparents – Ferdinand and Isabella  Aggressive; added territory for Spain  Europe’s.
 Pick up the note packet when you enter and the pink sheet  I will send a stapler around the room  Agenda  ABSOLUTISM – REVIEW!!  Notes – Chapter.
Spanish Power  Charles V, King of Spain inherited the Hapsburg empire. This included the Holy Roman Empire and the Netherlands. Ruling two empires involved.
Absolutism-GODWIN. What Hollywood teaches us about Spanish monarchs…
World History Unit 1A Absolutism and Scientific Revolution Ch.5 and 6.1.
NEXT French King Louis XIV with plans for Versailles. Absolute Monarchs in Europe, 1500–1800 Several countries in Europe come under the control of absolute.
…or as Mel Brooks said, “It’s good to be the King.”
Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism Chapter 21, Section 1.
SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3 SECTION 4 Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism The Reign of Louis XIV Central European Monarchs Clash Absolute Rulers.
Warm-Up  Describe 2 similarities and 2 differences between Japan’s and Europe’s Feudal systems.  What is the Mandate of Heaven?  Use the mandate of.
Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism  The Habsburgs ruled a great deal of Europe.  The throne of the Holy Roman Empire was continuously occupied.
Absolutism. Objectives Define the origins of Absolute Monarchy Define the origins of Absolute Monarchy Explain the growth of Central European kingdoms.
Characteristics of the New Monarchies 1.They offered the institution of monarchy as a guarantee of law and order. 2.They proclaimed that hereditary.
Central European Monarchs Clash Chapter 5 Section 3 After a period of turmoil, absolute monarchs rule Austria and the Germanic state of Prussia.
 Have out notes and a writing utensil.  Title your notes Absolute Monarchs.
Spain 1. Charles V- Ruled 2 empires- Catholic Heir to the Hapsburgs- Austrian rulers of the Holy Roman Empire… Greatest foe- Ottoman Empire 2. Phillip.
Modern World History - Unit 3 Absolutism to Revolution
Absolutism in Europe.
Absolute Rulers of Russia
Absolute Rulers of Russia
Absolute Monarchy vs. Constitutional Monarchy
Monday – June 3rd, 2013 Grab worksheet Weekends!? Test Wednesday
Central European Monarchs Clash
Absolutism in Europe
Absolute Monarchs Review
French Monarch Chapter 5 Section 2
From Absolutism to Enlightenment
Chapter 5 Sections 4 and 5.
Central European Monarchs Clash
The Reign of Louis XIV Chapter 21, Section 2.
Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism
The Reign of Louis XIV Chapter 5, Section 2.
Absolute Rulers of Russia
European statebuilding
Presentation transcript:

Absolute Monarchs in Europe, 1500-1800 Several countries in Europe come under the control of absolute monarchs, and Parliament challenges the monarch’s authority in Great Britain.

Absolute Monarchs in Europe, 1500-1800 SECTION 1 SECTION 1 Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism SECTION 2 SECTION 2 The Reign of Louis XIV SECTION 3 SECTION 3 Central European Monarchs Clash SECTION 4 Absolute Rulers of Russia SECTION 5 Parliament Limits the English Monarchy These are my notes for slide 2

Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism Section-1 Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism During a time of religious and economic instability, Philip II rules Spain with a strong hand.

Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism Section-1 Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism A Powerful Spanish Empire A New Spanish Ruler In 1556, Philip II begins ruling Spain and its possessions Philip II’s Empire Philip seizes Portugal in 1580 Gold and silver from Americas make Spanish extremely wealthy Defender of Catholicism Philip defends Catholicism against Muslims, Protestants Spanish fleet helps defeat Ottomans at Lepanto in 1571 Spanish Armada defeated by British in 1588

Golden Age of Spanish Art and Literature Section-1 Golden Age of Spanish Art and Literature El Greco and Velázquez El Greco uses unusual style to convey religious themes Works of Velázquez show Spanish court life Don Quixote In 1605, Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes is published Novel marks birth of modern European novel

The Spanish Empire Weakens Section-1 The Spanish Empire Weakens Inflation and Taxes Inflation weakens Spain’s economy Taxes on lower class prevents development of middle class Making Spain’s Enemies Rich Spaniards buy goods abroad, making Spain’s enemies rich Philip declares bankruptcy three times due to weak economy The Dutch Revolt Protestants in Netherlands win independence from Spain in 1579

The Independent Dutch Prosper Section-1 The Independent Dutch Prosper A Different Society Netherlands is a republic and practices religious toleration Dutch Art In 1600s, Netherlands becomes center of European art Rembrandt and Vermeer are famous Dutch painters Dutch Trading Empires Dutch merchants engage in world trade Dutch have world’s largest trading fleet Dutch replace Italians as Europe’s bankers

Absolutism in Europe The Theory of Absolutism Section-1 Absolutism in Europe The Theory of Absolutism Rulers want to be absolute monarchs—rulers with complete power Believe in divine right—idea that monarchs represent God on earth Growing Power of Europe’s Monarchs Decline of feudalism, rise of cities help monarchs gain power Decline in Church authority also increases power Crises Lead to Absolutism The 17th century is period of great upheaval Monarchs impose order by increasing their own power

Section-2 The Reign of Louis XIV After a century of war and riots, France was ruled by Louis XIV, the most powerful monarch of his time.

The Reign of Louis XIV Religious Wars and Power Struggles Section-2 The Reign of Louis XIV Religious Wars and Power Struggles Henry of Navarre Henry ascends to French throne in 1589 and adopts Catholicism Issues Edict of Nantes—a declaration of religious toleration Louis XIII and Cardinal Richelieu Cardinal Richelieu—Louis XIII’s minister who rules France Increases power of the Bourbons by limiting Huguenots’ freedom Also weakens power of the nobility f the nobility

Writers Turn Toward Skepticism Section-2 Writers Turn Toward Skepticism A New Attitude Skepticism—the idea that nothing can be known for certain Montaigne and Descartes Montaigne explores ideas about life’s meaning in essays Descartes uses observation and reason to create new philosophy

Louis XIV Comes to Power Section-2 Louis XIV Comes to Power A New French Ruler Louis XIV—the most powerful ruler in French history Louis, the Boy King Hatred of Mazarin—young Louis’s minister—leads to riots Louis Weakens the Nobles’ Authority Louis takes control in 1661 Appoints intendants—government agents—to collect taxes Economic Growth Jean Baptiste Colbert—finance minister—helps economy grow In 1685, Louis cancels Edict of Nantes; Huguenots flee France

The Sun King’s Grand Style Section-2 The Sun King’s Grand Style A Life of Luxury Louis lives very well, with every meal a feast Louis Controls the Nobility Louis keeps nobles at palace to increase his power over them Builds magnificent palace at Versailles Patronage of the Arts Versailles is a center of arts during reign of Louis XIV Purpose of the arts is to glorify Louis

Louis Fights Disastrous Wars Section-2 Louis Fights Disastrous Wars Attempts to Expand France’s Boundaries Louis fights wars in 1660s, 1670s to expand France In 1680s, many countries unite against him in League of Augsburg France is weakened by poor harvests, warfare, high taxes War of the Spanish Succession War of the Spanish Succession begins in 1701 Attempts to prevent union of the French and Spanish thrones Ends in 1714; France and Spain lose some possessions Continued…

Louis Fights Disastrous Wars {continued} Section-2 Louis Fights Disastrous Wars {continued} Louis’s Death and Legacy Louis dies leaving mixed legacy Rule makes France a major military and cultural power in Europe His wars and palace leave France with heavy debts

Central European Monarchs Clash Section-3 Central European Monarchs Clash After a period of turmoil, absolute monarchs rule Austria and the Germanic state of Prussia.

Central European Monarchs Clash Section-3 Section-3 Central European Monarchs Clash The Thirty Years’ War Rising Tension Tension rises between Lutherans and Catholics in central Europe Bohemian Protestants Revolt In 1618, Protestants revolt against Catholic Hapsburg rulers Result is Thirty Years’ War —conflict over religion, land, power Hapsburg Triumphs From 1618 to 1630, Hapsburg armies have many victories Troops plunder many German villages Continued…

The Thirty Years’ War {continued} Section-3 The Thirty Years’ War {continued} Hapsburg Defeats In 1630, tide turns in favor of Protestants Peace of Westphalia War ruins German economy, greatly decreases population Peace of Westphalia (1648) ends war Treaty weakens Hapsburgs, strengthens France Treaty introduces idea of negotiating terms of peace Beginning of Modern States Treaty recognizes Europe as group of independent states

States Form in Central Europe Section-3 States Form in Central Europe Economic Contrasts with the West Economy in central Europe still based on serfs, agriculture Several Weak Empires Landowning nobles in central Europe block growth of kings’ power Ottoman and Holy Roman empires are also weak Austria Grows Stronger Hapsburgs in Austria take more lands, rule large empire Maria Theresa Inherits the Austrian Throne Maria Theresa becomes empress of Austria, faces years of war

Prussia Challenges Austria 3 Section-3 Prussia Challenges Austria The Rise of Prussia Hohenzollern rulers of Prussia build Europe’s best army Call themselves kings and become absolute monarchs Nobles resist royal power, but king buys loyalty buys loyalty Frederick the Great Frederick the Great becomes king of Prussia Enforces father’s military policies but softens some of his laws   Continued…

Prussia Challenges Austria {continued} Section-3 Prussia Challenges Austria {continued} War of the Austrian Succession In 1740, Frederick starts war against Austria to gain Silesia Maria Theresa resists Prussian power but loses Silesia in treaty As result of war, Prussia becomes a major power in Europe The Seven Years’ War Austria allies with France against Britain and Prussia In 1756, Frederick attacks Saxony, launching Seven Years’ War France loses colonies in North America; Britain gains India

Absolute Rulers of Russia Section-4 Absolute Rulers of Russia Peter the Great makes many changes in Russia to try to make it more like Western Europe.

Absolute Rulers of Russia Section-4 Absolute Rulers of Russia The First Czar Ivan the Terrible In 1533, Ivan the Terrible becomes king of Russia Struggles for power with boyars—landowning nobles Seizes power and is crowned czar, meaning “caesar” Rule by Terror In 1560, Ivan turns against boyars, kills them, seizes lands Rise of the Romanovs Ivan’s heir is weak, leading to period of turmoil In 1613, Michael Romanov becomes czar

Peter the Great Comes to Power 3 Section-4 Peter the Great Comes to Power The Rise of Peter Peter the Great becomes czar in 1696, begins to reform Russia, but king buys loyalty Russia Contrasts with Europe Land of boyars and serfs Cut off geographically from Europe Culturally isolated, little contact with western Europe Religious differences widen gap Peter Visits the West In 1697, Peter visits western Europe to learn European ways

Peter Rules Absolutely 3 Section-4 Peter Rules Absolutely Peter’s Goal Goal of westernization—using western Europe as model for change t king buys loyalty Peter’s Reforms Brings Orthodox Church under state control Reduces power of great landowners Modernizes army by having European officers train soldiers Continued…

Peter Rules Absolutely {continued} 3 Section-4 Peter Rules Absolutely {continued} Westernizing Russia Introduces potatoes Starts Russia’s first newspaper Raises women’s status Adopts Western fashion Advances education Continued…

Peter Rules Absolutely {continued} 3 Section-4 Peter Rules Absolutely {continued} Establishing St. Petersburg Peter wants a seaport that will make travel to West easier Fights Sweden to win port on Baltic Sea In 1703, begins building new capital called St. Petersburg Building city takes many years; many serfs die in process By the time of Peter’s death, Russia is a power to be reckoned with in Europe

Parliament Limits the English Monarchy Section-5 Parliament Limits the English Monarchy Absolute rulers in England are overthrown, and Parliament gains power.

Parliament Limits the English Monarchy Section-5 Parliament Limits the English Monarchy Monarchs Defy Parliament James’s Problems James I of Scotland becomes king of England in 1603 Struggles with Parliament over money, Church reform Charles I Fights Parliament James’s son, Charles I, becomes king in 1625 Also fights with Parliament over money Parliament forces him to sign Petition of Right in 1628 Petition limits Charles’s power, but he ignores it

English Civil War 3 War Topples a King Section-5 English Civil War War Topples a King In 1641, Parliament passes laws to limit king’s power Result is English Civil War (1642–1649) between Puritans, king In 1644, Oliver Cromwell becomes general on Puritan side After Puritans win, Charles faces trial and execution in 1649 Continued…

English Civil War {continued} 3 Section-5 English Civil War {continued} Cromwell’s Rule In 1649, Cromwell abolishes monarchy, House of Lords Becomes military dictator Suppresses rebellion in Ireland Puritan Morality Puritans abolish activities they find sinful but king buys loyalty

Restoration and Revolution 3 Section-5 Restoration and Revolution Cromwell’s End After Cromwell dies in 1658, government collapses Next year, Parliament asks son of Charles I to rule, but king buys loyalty Charles II Reigns Restoration—return of monarchy under Charles II Habeas corpus—law requiring king to charge prisoner with crime James II and the Glorious Revolution Charles’s Catholic brother James becomes king in 1685 Glorious Revolution—bloodless overthrow of James in 1688

Limits on Monarch’s Power 3 Section-5 Limits on Monarch’s Power A New Type of Monarchy Protestants William and Mary become rulers of England Agree to constitutional monarchy—legal limits on royal power Bill of Rights In 1689, Parliament drafts Bill of rights Sets limits on royal power but king buys loyalty Cabinet System Develops In 1700s, cabinet, a group of government ministers, develops Ministers link majority party in Parliament with monarch

This is the end of the chapter presentation of lecture notes. Click the HOME or EXIT button.

Print Slide Show On the File menu, select Print In the pop-up menu, select Microsoft PowerPoint If the dialog box does not include this pop-up, continue to step 4 In the Print what box, choose the presentation format you want to print: slides, notes, handouts, or outline Click the Print button to print the PowerPoint presentation