Using Narratives for Development of All Skills Kristi Reyes MiraCosta College Noncredit ESL April 13, 2012

Materials and More Info Online O (click CATESOL 2012) O Including sources, resources, lesson plan outline, and handouts to modify for use with students

Traditional Dictocomp O Teacher: reads text 2/3X normal pace. O Students and teacher: questions/clarify comprehension O Students: listen, reconstruct text after final reading (individually OR in pairs/groups to maximize production, practice communicative turns, negotiate meaning) O Final steps: Teacher feedback -- modifications where original meaning is lost, revisions, error correction/editing.

Let’s Try It: Traditional Dictocomp O Do you drink coffee? O If so, do you drink it every day? How many cups per day? What time of day? O How do you take your coffee? (hot, cold, with cream, sugar, mocha, etc.) O What are some benefits of drinking coffee? O What are some negative effects of drinking coffee? O Where did coffee originate? O What does coffee come from? How is it made? O What is the word for coffee in your native language (or other languages you know)? Is it popular in your country? Modified from source: Weaving It Together 1

Listen O … then reconstruct the text

Original People all over the world drink coffee. It is the world’s most popular drink. We don’t know who really discovered coffee. There is a story about a young man who discovered coffee in Ehtiopia, a country in Africa. Around the year 700, the young man, named Kaldi, took care of goats. One day, he was watching them while they were eating some plants. Soon after they ate the plants, the goats became very excited, and they did not sleep that night. Kaldi tried the plants, and he became excited, too. Other people tried the plants. They decided to boil the plants and then drink the liquid. They too couldn’t sleep well at night. This drink became popular and went from Ethiopia to Arabia. By the year 1200, it was a popular drink in the Arab world. Coffee then traveled from Arabia to Turkey, Europe, and the rest of the world.

Questions O What difficulties/challenges might students have? O What would you do next? (follow-up activities) O How might you modify this activity?

Modifications O Students are shown the text and read it two- three times rather than listening. O Dictogloss: A specific grammar structure focus O Provide / pre-teach list of content /vocabulary words (nouns, verbs, adjectives)

Maximize comprehension and communication O Include visual clues through a variety of media O All-skills integrated practice: speaking, grammar, pronunciation, vocabulary O End/evaluation activity = summary writing

Demonstration 1. Option A: Career/Employment 2. Video (as time permits)

Conversational Expressions O Hmm… that’s an interesting question. O Let me think about that. / I haven’t thought about that before. O That’s interesting/ fascinating/ wonderful/strange… O What do you think, (name)? O Let’s go to the next question. O I don’t have an answer for that question. O Let’s skip / come back to this question for now. O We’ll come back to you. O Good response!

Vocabulary 1.Bitter 2.Frustrated 3.Pharmacy 4.Patients 5.Afford 6.Wasted 7.Bitter 8.Counselor 9.Dedicate

Listen to the story.

Do What Your Asks For Kristi Reyes MiraCosta College

William James – successful businessman

Owner – bottle capping factory

Family and house

Only seemed happy

Wanted to be a doctor

Couldn’t afford medical school

Bitter and angry

Counselor listened and gave advice How old are you going to be in 10 years if you don’t go to medical school?

Eight years later…

Son, do what your heart asks for.

Answer these questions: 1. What kind of work did William do when he was young? 2. What did William study when he was a boy? 3. Why didn’t William go to medical school? 4. Who told William to see a counselor and why? 5. What did the counselor advise William to do? 6. How did William respond to the counselor’s suggestion? What did the counselor say to William then? 7. Why did William sell his factory? 8. Why was William a happy man in the end? 9. What advice did William give his son? 10. What is the lesson or message of this story?

Demo 2: Online Video What do you think happened? beautiful bench biscuit choke dog eat handsome man notice disgusted snack walk woman