Dr. Jamila EL Medany Dr. Khaleel Alyahya & OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES At the end of the lecture, students should be able to describe:  the main criteria of.

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Dr. Jamila EL Medany Dr. Khaleel Alyahya &

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES At the end of the lecture, students should be able to describe:  the main criteria of skeletal muscles.  the attachments of skeletal muscles.  the different directions of skeletal muscle fibers.  the mode of action of skeletal muscles.  Nomenclature of skeletal muscles.  he nerve supply of skeletal muscles. At the end of the lecture, students should be able to describe:  the main criteria of skeletal muscles.  the attachments of skeletal muscles.  the different directions of skeletal muscle fibers.  the mode of action of skeletal muscles.  Nomenclature of skeletal muscles.  he nerve supply of skeletal muscles.

I  Voluntary.  Striated.  Attached to skeleton.  Produce movement of skeleton.  Supplied by somatic nerves.  Voluntary.  Striated.  Attached to skeleton.  Produce movement of skeleton.  Supplied by somatic nerves. MAIN CRITERIA OF SKELTAL MUSCLES

ATTACHMENTSATTACHMENTS Mostly Two:  ORIGIN: proximal fleshy,Least  ORIGIN: proximal end, mostly fleshy, Least movable.  INSERTION: distal Most fibrous  INSERTION: distal end, Most movable, mostly fibrous. Mostly Two:  ORIGIN: proximal fleshy,Least  ORIGIN: proximal end, mostly fleshy, Least movable.  INSERTION: distal Most fibrous  INSERTION: distal end, Most movable, mostly fibrous.

 Muscles are attached to bones, cartilage or ligaments by:  (1) Tendons :  Cords of fibrous tissue.  (2) Aponeurosis :  A thin and strong sheet of fibrous tissue.  (3) Raphe :  An inter digitation of the tendinous ends of the flat muscles.  Muscles are attached to bones, cartilage or ligaments by:  (1) Tendons :  Cords of fibrous tissue.  (2) Aponeurosis :  A thin and strong sheet of fibrous tissue.  (3) Raphe :  An inter digitation of the tendinous ends of the flat muscles.

DIRECTION OF MUSCLE FIBERS  Parallel More range of movement  Parallel to line of pull: More range of movement, less powerful.  Pennate More powerful  Pennate (oblique to line of pull): More powerful, less range of movement Unipennate Bipennate Multipennate.  Parallel More range of movement  Parallel to line of pull: More range of movement, less powerful.  Pennate More powerful  Pennate (oblique to line of pull): More powerful, less range of movement Unipennate Bipennate Multipennate. parallel

MODE OF ACTION

NAMING OF MUSCLES  According to:  (A) Size: 1. Major or maximus 1. Major or maximus (large). 2. Minor or minimus 2. Minor or minimus (small). 3. Latissimus 3. Latissimus (broad). Longus 4. Longus (long). 5. Brevis 5. Brevis (short).  (B) Position: 1. Pectoralis 1. Pectoralis (pectoral region)  (C) Depth: 1. Superficialis (superficial). 2. Profundus (deep). 3. Externus (external).  According to:  (A) Size: 1. Major or maximus 1. Major or maximus (large). 2. Minor or minimus 2. Minor or minimus (small). 3. Latissimus 3. Latissimus (broad). Longus 4. Longus (long). 5. Brevis 5. Brevis (short).  (B) Position: 1. Pectoralis 1. Pectoralis (pectoral region)  (C) Depth: 1. Superficialis (superficial). 2. Profundus (deep). 3. Externus (external).

 (D) Shape: 1. Deltoid 1. Deltoid (triangular). 2. Teres 2. Teres (rounded) 3. Rectus 3. Rectus (straight).  (E) Number of Heads: 1. Biceps 1. Biceps (2 heads). 2. Triceps 2. Triceps (3 heads). 3. Quadriceps 3. Quadriceps (4 heads).  (F) Attachments: 1. Coracobrachialis 1. Coracobrachialis (from coracoid process to arm).  (G) Action: 1. Flexor digitorum: 1. Flexor digitorum: flexion of digits.  (D) Shape: 1. Deltoid 1. Deltoid (triangular). 2. Teres 2. Teres (rounded) 3. Rectus 3. Rectus (straight).  (E) Number of Heads: 1. Biceps 1. Biceps (2 heads). 2. Triceps 2. Triceps (3 heads). 3. Quadriceps 3. Quadriceps (4 heads).  (F) Attachments: 1. Coracobrachialis 1. Coracobrachialis (from coracoid process to arm).  (G) Action: 1. Flexor digitorum: 1. Flexor digitorum: flexion of digits.

NERVE SUPPLY

SUMMARYSUMMARY striatedvoluntary attached to move  Skeletal muscles are striated, voluntary muscles attached to & move the skeleton. origininsertion  They have 2 attachments: origin & insertion. paralleloblique (pennate)  Their fibers may be parallel or oblique (pennate) to the line of pull. Prime mover, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixator  According to mode of action, they are classified as: Prime mover, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixator. size, shape, number of heads, position, attachments, depth or action.  They may be named according to: size, shape, number of heads, position, attachments, depth or action. mixed  They are supplied by mixed somatic nerves. striatedvoluntary attached to move  Skeletal muscles are striated, voluntary muscles attached to & move the skeleton. origininsertion  They have 2 attachments: origin & insertion. paralleloblique (pennate)  Their fibers may be parallel or oblique (pennate) to the line of pull. Prime mover, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixator  According to mode of action, they are classified as: Prime mover, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixator. size, shape, number of heads, position, attachments, depth or action.  They may be named according to: size, shape, number of heads, position, attachments, depth or action. mixed  They are supplied by mixed somatic nerves.