Plate Tectonics Test Review Inside Earth Chapter 1

Mohorovicic discontinuity Read the definitions and then label the outer layers of the Earth my matching the letters to the correct numbers. Ocean 1 2 Lithosphere Mohorovicic discontinuity 3 4 5 Upper Mantle (solid but flows/semi-rigid) = Asthenosphere - the lower part of the upper mantle that exhibits plastic (flowing) properties. It is located below the lithosphere (the crust and upper mantle). Continental Crust - the thick parts of the Earth's crust, not located under the ocean. Upper Mantle (solid) - the uppermost part of the mantle, part of the Lithosphere. Oceanic Crust - thin parts of the Earth's crust located under the oceans. Lower Mantle (solid/semi-rigid) - the deepest parts of the mantle, just above the core.

Types of Heat Transfer Letter A is an example of… Letter B is an example of… Letter C is an example of… The transfer of heat by the movement of particles in fluids is called… Convection takes place in … Conduction takes place in … A convection current is … C B A

1st ______ Point A to Point B 2nd ______ Point B to Point C Sequencing The figure to the side shows a convection cell in Earth’s mantle. A convection cell is one complete loop of a convection current. Use the figure as a reference. Starting with point A, put the following statements in sequential order (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th) showing how convection currents work. Remember start with Point A. 1st ______ Point A to Point B 2nd ______ Point B to Point C 3rd ______ Point C to Point D 4th ______ Point D to Point A Material closes to earth’s core is heated and moves horizontally. Material that is heated rises because it is less dense. Material that was heated becomes cooler and moves horizontally. Cooled material becomes less dense and is pulled downward by gravity.

The process in which continents slowly move is called What happens in sea-floor spreading? Where does sea-floor spreading occur?

Describe the process shown in the diagram? Which boundary type is shown in the diagram? Which of Earth’s layers has the highest temperature? Which of Earth’s layer’s is the thinnest? Oceanic crust is made of

True or False? Slow movements of mantle rock called radiation transfer heat in the mantle. Heating and cooling of a fluid, changes in the density of a fluid and the force of gravity combine to set convection currents in motion. The theory that states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant motion is called plate tectonics. Pangaea was the single landmass that broke apart 250 million years ago. Seismic waves are an example of direct evidence that geologists use to study the Earth’s interior. Rift valleys are places where new crust is created as convergent boundaries are subducted into the earth. When two continental plates diverge, a transform boundary forms. Crust is created at continent to continent convergent boundaries where mountain building occurs. Crust is destroyed at ocean to continent convergent boundaries where an ocean trench is formed.

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