Narrative Narrative Tips: Set the scene Who or What, When, Where Orientation * sets the scene and mood, introduces characters Usually includes When, Where, Who or What Complication * dilemma or problem that sets off the events A dilemma or problem which disrupts the normal life or comfort of the characters and sets off a sequence of interesting events. Sequence of events * triggered by the complication May include: A description of events at the happen eg First… Next… Later… After… Resolution * climax or ending where the problem is resolved A Narrative Tells a story, mainly used to entertain, motivate or teach Aims to get attention and maintain interest. A Story? So many types to choose from! *Real Life Drama *Fantasy *Adventure *Science Fiction *Mystery *Classic *Fairy Tale *Legend *Myth *Fable Narrative Tips: Set the scene Who or What, When, Where Introduce a problem or complication Describe the events that follow… in order Describe the ending New paragraph for each part Word Focus: Nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs Tense Past (usually), Present (dialogue) Style Descriptive, Entertaining

Transactional - Invitation Invitation Tips Address people by their names or group Include details of: What When Where What to bring Include sender details Explain how to reply Word Focus: Capital letters, spelling peoples names correctly To * name, names or group People’s names Details * of the event What: Party, Lunch, Farewell, Morning Tea When: Date, Time Where: Address, Location Dress: Casual, Formal Please Bring: if applicable From * sender details Your name and address Response * details of how to reply R.S.V.P (means please reply)

Transactional - Letters Sender * address or letterhead Return address Phone and email (optional) To * date, name and address, saluation Date Name and address (for formal letter) Salutation or greeting eg. Dear …. Message * full details of message Details often include: * Introduction * Message * Personal comments A Letter A letter is a written message There are many different sorts of letters * News or Recounts eg letters to friends * Responses eg apologies or acceptance, complaints * Requests or transactions eg business letters Letter Tips: Write your address and the date Greet people using their name Write your message politely Sign your name at the end Word Focus: Spelling names and addresses correctly Capital letters

Transactional - News News Tips Headline * statement to get attention Use attention grabbing words in the headline Put the most important facts in the lead: Who, What, When, Where, Why Explain the headline and lead in the body Use separate paragraphs for each point Include opinions or comments Write your name in the byline Headline * statement to get attention Eg CHILDREN IN CHARGE OF NEWS! Lead * who, what, where, when, why, how Body * explanation and additional info Comment * optional Byline * the writer of the article

Recount Recount Tips: A Recount Set the scene Orientation * introduction – setting the scene Gives details of: Who, What, When, Where, Why Events * what happened – in chronological order What happened? First, Next, Soon, During, After, Later, Eventually, Finally Conclusion * personal comment (optional) What did you think, feel or decide about the events that happened? A Recount A recount retells past events or experiences Sequences events in the order they happened A Recount? 1. Now, where will I start? 2. I will need to get everything in order. Recount Tips: Set the scene Who, What, When, Where, Why Write about the events in the order they occurred End with a comment New paragraph for each part Word Focus: Time connectives, adjectives Tense Past Style Personal First person

Procedure Procedure Tips: Explain what is to be done Goal * tells what will be made or done May include a brief description of the finished product Requirements * list of what is needed List my include: * Ingredients * Utensils * Materials * Tools Steps * in order of what is to be done – include diagrams if needed Steps usually start with an action verb Steps are numbered in order 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Steps clearly explain: * What needs to be done * How it needs to be done A Procedure * Tells how to do or make something * May include pictures or diagrams Procedure Tips: Explain what is to be done List everything that will be needed Number all the steps in order Write short, clear instructions Word Focus: Action verbs Tense Simple present Style Instructional Second or third person

Report Report Tips: Start with a definition or a brief classification Introduction * definition or classification of the subject May include a definition, classification or brief description Description * important facts about the subject Facts about the subject, set out in paragraphs Subheadings are often used May include photos, pictures, maps or diagrams Conclusion * summary or comment (optional) A Report An information report can be published in many different ways * A poster or chart * A brochure * A computer slide show * As part of a newsletter An information report often provides information by stating facts Often describes a class of things Report Tips: Start with a definition or a brief classification Include the most important facts about your topic End with a summary or comment New paragraph for each part Word Focus: General terms eg use “bikes” rather than “my bike” Tense Timeless present Style Impersonal Third person

Explanation Explanation Tips: An Explanation Introduction * general statement about the topic May include * A definition or question * A brief description Explanation * series of explanatory statements Statements written in sequential order to explain: * How something works OR * Why something happens Conclusion * summary or comment * A summary or recommendation * A general comment about use or history An Explanation Explains how something works or why something happens Explanation Tips: Introduce your topic with a definition or brief description Explain important points in order Sum up or comment New paragraph for each point Word Focus: Technical or scientific words, action verbs, conjunctions Tense Simple present Style Impersonal Second or third person

Discussion Discussion Tips: Describe the issue first Issue * introduction to the issue or topic States what the issue is States that different groups have different views May introduce the groups for and against Arguments * points and evidence – for and against FOR First point of view for: Who? What do they think? Why? Second point of view for: Who? What do they think? Why? Next point of view for: etc AGAINST First point of view against: Who? What do they think? Why? Second point of view against: Who? What do they think? Why? Next point of view against: etc Conclusion * summary or a recommendation Summarise the arguments What you recommend? Why? A Discussion Presents both sides of an issue Outlines arguments for and against the topic The issue FOR and AGAINST 1. Supporting views include 2. Opposing views include 3. In summary 4. So I think… because…. Discussion Tips: Describe the issue first Include arguments FOR and AGAINST Sum up or make a recommendation New paragraph for each part Word Focus: Nouns, pronouns, words or points that link arguments Tense Present or past Style Objective (fair) Second or third person