South Africa - a lovely place with a sad history ‘Joburg’, South Africa Cape of Good Hope, South Africa

Strategic importance of south Africa, esp Capetown…

APARTHEID questions to think about… 1. What ethnic groups live in South Africa? 2. Define APARTHEID 3. What advantages did apartheid give to Whites in South Africa? 4. What rights did Coloreds and Asians have in South Africa? 5. What restrictions were placed on Blacks? Rights, Homelands, Jobs 6. How did Blacks resist Apartheid? 7. Identify how apartheid affected the economy of South Africa. Think about How blacks were treated. International economic sanctions.

CONDITIONS UNDER APARTHEID

APARTHEID- South Africa 7 of 10 people in South Africa are Black-African From the 1950’s to the 1990’s South Africa was controlled by whites who were the minority group. (about 10% of the population)

1950’s – 90’s > Under white rule in South Africa… All races lived and worked separately > This was known as Apartheid – apartness for all races. This led to South Africa being isolated from most nations economically for many years. All Blacks were >required to live in ‘townships’ (apart/segregated) >Had to have a pass that gave permission to be in the cities for their work/business >All persons required to learn Africaans the language of the white settlers. (Only used in South Africa)

Whites Only Beach - 1986

White school in 1988 – note uniform, architecture…

Four children going to school in a black township - 1988

One-room house of a ‘Mixed-Race’ family in a township, 1988

Township of Tskane – man with passbook, 1986

1948- gold miners in Johannesburg gold mine living quarters

1988 – White South Africans at dinner

The Bantu Homelands Act. The white government declares that the lands reserved for black Africans are independent nations. In this way, the government strips millions of blacks of their South African citizenship and forces them to become residents of their new "homelands." Black township in South Africa

Houses in Soweto, a black township. SOWETO means South West Township Townships are very isolated Not many services such as electricity, running water… Run down buildings

Passbooks – required to travel for work in South Africa Blacks were considered foreigners in white-controlled South Africa, and need passports to enter. Blacks only enter to serve whites in menial jobs. A Black South African shows his passbook issued by the Government. Blacks were required to carry passes that determined where they could live and work.

Bathroom signs from South Africa Segregated facilities in South Africa

Segregated beach in South Africa - 1982

1976-1991 A ‘time of violence’ Black students and their supporters stopped going to school, they started to fight for equal rights > They have become known as the ‘lost generation’ b/c they have no education, high unemployment, no job skills… > Some students were exiled and sent to other countries (US, UK, NZ…) and they were able to be educated – now THEY run the government! > This frustrates those who stayed to fight for freedoms in South Africa!

Apartheid gained international attention in the 80’s Sanctions and Embargos occurred

Nelson Mandela -the anti-Apartheid leader is released after 27 years in prison

1994 – Mandela elected president Considered a hero by most ppl because he helped to bring all South Africans together w/o a civil war. He follows a philosophy of forgiveness much like Gandhi (Gandhi developed his ideas while in South Africa!)

Voting in South Africa -1994 Many South Africans voted for the first time in their life. Many waited days in line to exercise their freedom to vote.

Voting in South Africa – 1994

Nelson Mandela is pictured here. Jailed for life in 1962, Mandela’s release became a precondition of any negotiations for a settlement between black and white South Africans.

New flag of South Africa The new flag has many colors to represent all the races that live there

Results of the end of Apartheid After the years of boycotts and bad press tourists began to return to Cape Town in 1995. Tourism fuelled an unprecedented development of the city, led by the V&A Waterfront area. A theme park, casino and convention centre followed. Numerous hotels opened and shopping centres expanded. More museums and cultural tours and events helped the city to celebrate its rich diversity.

Life after Apartheid How has life changed??