Trends in VET: Challenges and perspectives Mihaylo Milovanovitch OECD Directorate for Education 4th meeting of SEEVET-Net Chisinau, 11 July 2011

% 1. Excluding ISCED 3C short programmes 2. Year of reference Including some ISCED 3C short programmes 3. Year of reference Why VET? Trends for VET demand The changing world of skill supply

Why VET? Trends for VET demand Economics –Competitiveness pressure and skills

Occupational mobility – no jobs for life BUT VET – neglected reform area No common definition/typology Competitive pressure from higher education Why VET? Trends for VET demand

Pressure Declining/stagnating enrollments UK 02-07Korea 90-05Hungary Czech Republic 98-08Chile 90-07

Pressure Tertiary educational attainment of population (%) OECD (2008): Higher Education 2030, Vol. 1 Demography

Pressure Projected Tertiary Enrolments in 2025 under Recent Trends (2005=100) OECD (2008): Higher Education 2030, Vol. 1 Demography

Pressure Demographic Shape of Tertiary Education in the Future Source: OECD (2009) Graduate education Continuing education First degree Graduate education Continuing education

WHAT TO DO? INCREASE RELEVANCE

Classical recommendation: Meet labour market needs –Improve co-ordination with employers –Hire better teachers –Create shared public private funding models –Provide workplace training; the dual model BUT There are additional possibilities Relevance

Mainstreaming of VET and better system integration – Pathways for easier entry and exit Relevance NQFs Credit-based assessment systems All of the above - combined with good career guidance

«Professionalisation» of the system and the academic curriculum Relevance GENERAL EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION VET and PROF. EDUCATION VET&PE

Use the potential of schools, school types, and principals –Raise school profile: the FACHHOCHSCULE story –Serving regional and micro-level needs –Creating conditions for entrepreneurial operation Relevance

Thank you!