Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) N. Christina Hsu NPP Deputy Project Scientist npp.gsfc.nasa.gov

NPP Mission: Make Environmental Observations 2 Provide Data for Weather Forecast Models Short term Environmental Observations (Events) Long term Environmental Observations (Climate Change Detection)

3 NPP with 5 instruments VIIRS CrIS OMPS CERES ATMS 13.2 ft long 8.5 ft wide 4,500 lbs

MSO - 4 NPP Space Segment Space Segment NESDIS Central AFWA Central NPP System Architecture GPS WSC LEO & A Backup T&C TDRSS Launch Support Segment Launch Support Segment Direct Broadcast User Climate User Community I/F Data Proc Segment I/F Data Proc Segment Infra Ingest Process Data Del Infra Ingest DQM Process Data Del NPP Mission Data Command and Telemetry K e y: Archive & Dist Segment Ingest Archive Interchange Archiver Robotic Storage Datastore Inventory Command, Cntrl & Comm Segment Command, Cntrl & Comm Segment GSE - Svalbard Primary T&C NPP SMD Mission Mgmt Center - Suitland Flight Operations Team Enterprise Management Mission Management Satellite Operations Data Monitoring & Recovery Data Handling Node Data Routing & Retrieval MSO - 4 Science Data Segment Science Data Segment SD3E Land PEATE Ocean PEATE Ozone PEATE Atmos PEATE NICSE Sounder PEATE I&TSE Data Mgt

5 Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Raytheon SAS El Segundo, Ca Description Purpose: Global observations of land, ocean, & atmosphere parameters at high temporal resolution (~ daily) Predecessor Instruments: AVHRR, OLS, MODIS, SeaWiFS Approach: Multi-spectral scanning radiometer (22 bands between 0.4 µm and 12 µm) 12-bit quantization Altitude: 824 km VIIRS on NPP

General Characteristics for VIIRS Granule  Temporal coverage: ~86 seconds  Resolution: 375 m at nadir for 5 I (imagery- resolution) bands and DNB  Resolution: 750 m at nadir for 16 M (moderate-resolution) bands  Swath: ~3000 km  Numbers: ~70 granules/orbit, ~100 minutes/orbit, ~1000 granules/day  Equator crossing: ~1:30 pm local time

VIIRS Bands and Products Dual gain band VIIRS 22 Bands: 16 M_ Band, 5 I_Band and 1 DNB VIIRS 24 EDRs Land, Ocean, Atmosphere, Snow * Product has a Key Performance attribute

Monitoring Disasters: Deepwater Horizon Oil Slick April 29, 2010

Smoke Plumes from New Mexico Fires May 25, 2012 The large New Mexico fire complex, referred to as the Whitewater-Baldy fire, was observed by VIIRS at 2017 UTC on May 25th. As of June 1st, the fire had burned 197,333 acres.

Progression of Dust Storm over Southwest Asia: 3 overpass from Terra, NPP, to Aqua

VIIRS Chlorophyll-a Data Overall Performance ( Results Consistent with MODIS-Aqua) Slide courtesy of Menghua Wang and Ocean Color Team.

VIIRS OC data compared with the MOBY in situ data, showing that SDR data since 2/6/2012 are good and reasonable, before that SDR date were poor/not reliable. VIIRS ocean color products are good and reasonable from 2/6/2012. Vicarious calibration is needed and will further improve ocean color products. MOBY PI: Ken Voss VIIRS vs. MOBY In Situ Data from M. Wang

VIIRS SDR Thermal Bands : SST Night time SST from U Miami RSAS Evans/Minnett SST bias ~ 0.45K

Sea Ice: The Shifting Crust of the Southern Ocean (M. R. Drinkwater and J. C. Comiso – ESA, NASA GSFC) Photo by Brien Barnett, NSF Ross Sea ice jams the channel where the mighty B-15A iceberg broke apart in October 2003 VIIRS Products: sea ice temperature, characterization, snow cover/depth

VIIRS DNB

Resolution Improvements: OLS vs. DNB  740 m instantaneous geometric field of view (DNB) from VIIRS vs. ~5 km for the OLS from DMSP results in dramatic spatial resolution improvements.  DNB Imagery courtesy of Steven Miller CIRA/CSU 16

Resolution Improvements: OLS vs. DNB 17  740 m instantaneous geometric field of view (DNB) from VIIRS vs. ~5 km for the OLS from DMSP results in dramatic spatial resolution improvements.  DNB Imagery courtesy of Steven Miller CIRA/CSU

18 Questions? VIIRS Anomaly

VIIRS M05/M04/M03 (red/green/blue) VIIRS M15 (10.76 microns) color scaled from 225K to 325K 19 January 2012

VIIRS M07 (0.865 microns) grey scaled 19 January 2012 VIIRS Data Anomaly highest in this band Degradation in M7/I2 observed after launch. Smaller effect in M6 & M5. Commissioning paused while anomaly was studied. Degradation believed to be caused by an error in mirror coating process. An inadvertent layer of tungsten film was put on telescope mirrors. Commissioning resumed Jan 18 Degradation is slowing, should level off. No effect on VIIRS data products; VIIRS Signal-to-Noise (SNR) in M7 expected to be above spec.

VIIRS Degradation Prediction 4-mirror thin-layer model

22 NPP Instrument Status: VIIRS SDR All band are producing excellent images with expected quality All onboard calibrators (BB, SD, SDSM) are functioning normally, providing good quality data for SDR calibration Reflective Solar Band (RSB) LUT have been successfully updated on- orbit; VIIRS SDR Inter-comparisons show good agreement with Aqua/MODIS after the LUT updates Thermal Emissive Bands (TEB) response is stable, and consistent with pre-launch analysis

23 Questions? Fishing boats