Why would it be beneficial to know about the human genetic code? Exam next Friday

Project set out to sequence the entire human genome Identify all 20,000-25,000 human genes Bank all results of human genetics

Scientists have now set out to figure out what each of the genes in the genome do, and how they interact in a cell. What protein does each gene make What does that protein do in your body Does gene turn on and off

Pedigree charts- Look at family history to see who in a family is affected by a disease and who carries a disease. Used to tell potential parents the likelihood that their child will have a disease

A karyotype is a method of looking at all of a person’s DNA to look for chromosomal abnormalities DOES NOT show defective genes used to look for chromosome defects Down’s syndrome Kleinfelter’s syndrome (XXY)

Some genes are located on chromosome 23 (X or Y)- sex chromosomes Those genes are sex-linked. (other 44 chromosomes called autosomes) If mother is double recessive, male child (XY) MUST show that disease, because his X chromosome came from mom (ex. Colorblindness, hemophilia)

What cell organelle gives you the energy your body needs to operate? This organelle also has its own DNA. Its DNA also replicates when cells divide

Each time DNA replicates, a SMALL bit is lost on the ends. Therefore, each new cell’s mitochondria have a bit less DNA. This means they function less efficiently

Recent developments in science- WHY DO WE AGE? As mitochondria work less efficiently, our cells do not get the energy they need to function Causes cell death Causes body to age!!!

In a sex-linked recessive trait, if mom has the trait, is it possible for her son to not have it? (lab) Karyotyping Exam next Friday