The Supremo Pizza of Nationalism Italian Unification The Supremo Pizza of Nationalism

1800’s - The Age of Nationalism Peoples inspired by example of George Washington and motivated against Napoleon

The Italian Situation “Italy” did not exist Multiple Independent kingdoms Some foreign owned France= Kingdom of the two Sicilies Austria= Lombardy and Venetia Transportation and communication hard

Early Nationalism Risorgimento Giuseppe Mazzini led Young Italy

Republican Revolution in Sicily Revolution of 1848 Republican Revolution in Sicily Spread north to Austrian Italy (Lombardy/Venetia) King Charles Albert of Sardinia rallies Italian countries against Austrians and he was winning!!! A Young Charles Albert

The Revolution Fails to Make “Italy” April, 1848 – Pope Pius IX removes Papal States from the war Didn’t like Catholic peoples making war and killing other Catholics Coalition falls apart… Pope Pius IX

End of the First Attempt Mazzini and Young Italy overthrow the Pope and take Rome Angered over his influence in war with Austria France, Spain, and Naples invade Rome and put Pius IX back into power. End of the First Attempt

Charles Albert, King of Sardinia A Phoenix in the Ashes? Young Italy dead, but Charles Albert smells like a rose for his nationalism… Charles Albert, King of Sardinia

Sardinia leads the Way Victor Emmanuel becomes King of Sardinia after death of father. Helped in unifying the North of Italy by his chief minister, Count Camillo di Cavour

Count Camillo di Cavour Saw that Italian unification lay in defeating Austria A Secret Plan… Supported France and UK in the Crimean War to gain favors from them…

A Franco-Austrian War, 1859 Secret Treaty of Plombiers-Les-Bains France fights Austria and Italy gets Lombardy- Venetia if Italy gives France Nice and Savoy

“Viva VERDI” (Victor Emmanuel, Re D’Italia) united “Italy” Napoleon III pulls out as war too costly. Tuscany, Parma, Modena & Romagna join Sardinia to fight for V.E. III’s “Italy” “Italy” gets Lombardy A Partial Victory Napoleon III of France

The South The Rise of Garibaldi Revolutionary Roots “Red Shirts” -Led Revolution in 1860 after death of Sicilian King Ferdinand II Took Naples with 1000 men then marched North… Cavour is nervous!!! The South

The Final Unification Cavour encourages Garibaldi to join Victor Emmanuel Oct., 1860 – Southern Italy holds votes to unite with the North Italy is BORN!!! Cavour dies three months later 

Add Venice and Rome… Italy allied with Prussia against Austria in 1866 and was given Venice During Franco-Prussian War (1871), French protected Rome couldn’t spare troops to defend the city so Italy took it

ITALY!!!