1 Cloud Computing Advisor ： Cho-Chin Lin Student ： Chien-Chen Lai

2 Outline Grid Introduction Cloud Computing

3 Outline Grid Introduction Cloud Computing

4 What is a Grid? Name “Grid” chosen by analogy with electric power grid. (Foster and Kesselman 1997) Vision: plug-in computer for processing power just like plugging in toaster for electricity. Concept has been around for decades (distributed computing, metacomputing) Key difference with the Grid is to realise the vision on a global scale.

5 What is a Grid? “A computational grid is a hardware and software infrastructure that provides dependable, consistent, pervasive and inexpensive access to high-end computational capabilities” Ian Foster & Carl Kesselman, 1998

6 Grid architecture Network Layer Resource Layer Middleware Layer Application Layer

7 Grid middleware The Grid relies on advanced software, called middleware, which interfaces between resources and the applications Middleware automatically finds the data the scientist needs, and the computing power to analyse it Middleware balances the load on different resources. It also handles security, accounting, monitoring and much more

8 Grid middleware The Grid middleware: – Basic services Secure and effective access to resources – High level services Optimal use of resources Authentication to the different sites that are used Job execution & monitoring of progress Problem recovery Transfer of results back to the user

9 Outline Grid Introduction Cloud Computing

10 Cloud Computing The interesting thing about Cloud Computing is that we’ve redefined Cloud Computing to include everything that we already do.... I don’t understand what we would do differently in the light of Cloud Computing other than change the wording of some of our ads. Oracle’s CEO Larry Ellison, quoted in the Wall Street Journal, September 26, 2008

11 Cloud Computing A lot of people are jumping on the [cloud] bandwagon, but I have not heard two people say the same thing about it. There are multiple definitions out there of “the cloud.” Hewlett-Packard’s Vice President of European Software Sales Andy Isherwood, quoted in ZDnet News, December 11, 2008

12 Why Now, Not Then? New Technology Trends and Business Models -Web 2.0 -PayPal -Google AdSense -AmazonWeb Services New Application Opportunities -mobile applications -Parallel batch processing.

13 Cloud Computing Cloud Computing refers to both the applications delivered as services over the Internet and the hardware and systems software in the datacenters that provide those services. The services themselves have long been referred to as Software as a Service (SaaS).

14 Cloud Computing architecture

15 Top 10 Obstacles and Opportunities for Cloud Computing 1.Availability of a Service 2.Data Lock-In 3. Data Confidentiality and Auditability 4. Data Transfer Bottlenecks 5. Performance Unpredictability

16 Top 10 Obstacles and Opportunities for Cloud Computing 6.Scalable Storage 7.Bugs in Large-Scale Distributed Systems 8.Scaling Quickly 9. Reputation Fate Sharing 10. Software Licensing