Building High Performance, Robust Server Applications with Internet Information Server 5.0 Van Van IIS - Program Manager Microsoft Corporation
Agenda What is a Windows ® DNA Application? Design for Success: Building Windows DNA Applications using Internet Information Server 5.0 Presentation Presentation Business Logic Business Logic Data Services Data Services Testing for Success Performance Tuning Applications
Windows DNA Applications What is it? Extensible Modular Modular Integrates with existing back end Integrates with existing back end Scalable High Performance High Performance High Availability High Availability Reliable Handle failures gracefully Handle failures gracefully “End-to-End” Application Solution
Windows DNA Applications 3-Tier Application Divide your Windows DNA Application into three logical layers Presentation Presentation Business Logic Business Logic Data Services Data Services Use Active Server Pages (ASP) as the “glue” to link presentation with business logic Do NOT put business logic in ASP
3-Tier Web Architecture Internet Information Server and ASP DCOM Data services SQL Server Oracle Microsoft Exchange MSMQ Business logic MTS Components Presentation Internet Explorer OthersHTTPHTTP
Design For Success
Process Isolation Performance versus Robustness
Flow Control Design Applications NOT Pages 1 of 5 Normal Response Client ASP A ASP B IIS Request Response
Flow Control Design Applications NOT Pages 2 of 5 Normal Response Response.End Response. IsClientConnected Response. IsClientConnected Client ASP A ASP B IIS Request Response
Flow Control Design Applications NOT Pages 3 of 5 Normal Response Response.End Response.Redirect Client ASP A ASP B IIS Request (1) Response.Redire ct Request (2) Response
Flow Control Design Applications NOT Pages 4 of 5 Normal Response Response.End Response.Redirect Server.Transfer Client ASP A ASP B IIS Request Server.Transfer Response
Flow Control Design Applications NOT Pages 5 of 5 Normal Response Response.End Response.Redirect Server.Transfer Server.Execute Client ASP A ASP B IIS Request Server. Execute Response
3-Tier Validation “End-to-End” Solution Validate in all 3-tiers Client side validation with “smart” clients Client side validation with “smart” clients Server side validation for legacy clients Server side validation for legacy clients Data validation when persisting Data validation when persisting Scalable - distribute work as necessary Reliable - fault tolerant architecture Extensible - interchangeable pages
<html><body> What is your favorite sport? What is your favorite sport? <p> </form></body></html> <html><body> What is your favorite sport? What is your favorite sport? <p> </form></body></html> Caching Output <% function getSportsListBox() { SportsListBox = Application("SportsListBox") if (SportsListBox != null) return SportsListBox; crlf = String.fromCharCode(13, 10) SportsListBox = " " + crlf; SQL = "SELECT SportName FROM Sports ORDER BY SportName"; cnnSports = Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection"); cnnSports.Open("Sports", "WebUser", "WebPassword"); rstSports = cnnSports.Execute(SQL); fldSportName = rstSports("SportName"); while (!rstSports.EOF){ SportsListBox = SportsListBox + " " + fldSportName + " " + crlf; rstSports.MoveNext(); } SportsListBox = SportsListBox + " " Application("SportsListBox") = SportsListBox return SportsListBox; } %> <% function getSportsListBox() { SportsListBox = Application("SportsListBox") if (SportsListBox != null) return SportsListBox; crlf = String.fromCharCode(13, 10) SportsListBox = " " + crlf; SQL = "SELECT SportName FROM Sports ORDER BY SportName"; cnnSports = Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection"); cnnSports.Open("Sports", "WebUser", "WebPassword"); rstSports = cnnSports.Execute(SQL); fldSportName = rstSports("SportName"); while (!rstSports.EOF){ SportsListBox = SportsListBox + " " + fldSportName + " " + crlf; rstSports.MoveNext(); } SportsListBox = SportsListBox + " " Application("SportsListBox") = SportsListBox return SportsListBox; } %>
Presentation Layer
Let the client do the work Use double dynamic HTML Use the browser capabilities component Test for script support Test for script support Test for D/HTML support Test for D/HTML support *Use application state for this component *Use application state for this component Send HTML, DHTML, and client-side scripting based on capabilities Ubiquitous, easy, fast to download Ubiquitous, easy, fast to download DHTML dynamic page repainting DHTML dynamic page repainting Client-side scripts pushes work to client Client-side scripts pushes work to client
Business Logic Layer
Components Implement the business logic layer using server-side COM components Visual Basic® Visual Basic® C++ C++ Java™ Java™ Server components provide Abstraction of complexity Abstraction of complexity Encapsulation of internal details Encapsulation of internal details Modularity for code reuse Modularity for code reuse
Components Basic Principles Reuse existing components Reuse existing components Buy new components Buy new components Build your own components Build your own components Provide a scriptable interface for your ASP use COM Interface COM Interface No need for graphical UI No need for graphical UI Choose language accordingly
Components Threading Models Every component has a “Threading Model” Single Single Apartment Apartment Free Free Both Both Choice of Threading Model determines Thread that your component will be created on Thread that your component will be created on Whether calls are direct or through proxy Whether calls are direct or through proxy
Components Threading Model Impact Performance Calls may be marshaled by proxy Calls may be marshaled by proxy Access to context Context is an attribute of the thread Context is an attribute of the thread Security May lose impersonated identity May lose impersonated identity
Threading Models Page Scoped Objects Both and Apartment are equally good Free is less good Single is bad
Threading Models Session Scoped Objects Mark Session objects as Both Apartment is OK Apartment is OK Locks down session Locks down session Free is mediocre Free is mediocre Single is bad Single is bad
Mark Application objects as Both ASP never locks down Application Scoped Objects For Apartment model objects, you can only use the tag in global.asa Non-Both objects will lose security and context Threading Models Application Scoped Objects
Threading Models Recommendation Write components as Both
Writing Components Language Choices Visual Basic ® Default Thread Model is Single, can produce Apartment Default Thread Model is Single, can produce Apartment C++ Can create Both model components Can create Both model components Java ™ Produces Both components by default Produces Both components by default
Data Services Layer
Active Data Objects (ADO) Business components use ADO.asp files should not use ADO.asp files should not use ADO Better performance and reuse Better performance and reuse Mark ADO as both model threaded MakeFre15.bat in the folder Program Files\Common Files\System\ADO MakeFre15.bat in the folder Program Files\Common Files\System\ADO Learn about the six commonly used ADO objects
Using ADO Using ADO from ActiveX Components ADO command object for ease of use ADO command object for ease of use No “Select * From table” No “Select * From table” .asp file using RecordSets ADO field object for performance ADO field object for performance Set rsCustomers = Customers.List Set fldCustomerID = rsCustomers(“CustomerID”) Set fldCustomerName = rsCustomers(“CustomerName”) Do Until rsCustomers.EOF Response.Write fldCustomerID & “ -- “ & _ Response.Write fldCustomerID & “ -- “ & _ fldCustomerName & “ ” fldCustomerName & “ ” rsCustomers.MoveNext rsCustomers.MoveNextLoop
SQL Server™ Configure SQL Server Memory size Memory size Protocol selection Named pipes if on the Internet Information Server machine Named pipes if on the Internet Information Server machine TCP Sockets if on a different machine TCP Sockets if on a different machine Let SQL do the work Joins/sorting/grouping Joins/sorting/grouping Connection pooling HKLM\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBCINST.INI\ SQL Server\CPTimeout HKLM\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBCINST.INI\ SQL Server\CPTimeout
SQL Server™ Maintain SQL Server Monitor logs Monitor logs Use stored procedures Use show plan Use indexes Update statistics
ODBC SQL Server ODBC connection pooling On by default for SQL Server because it is now set per driver On by default for SQL Server because it is now set per driver ODBC performance monitor counters from ODBC SDK
Testing and Tuning
Testing for Success Functional Level Rate component throughput Rate component throughput Know the cost of external dependencies Know the cost of external dependencies Page Level Trace.asp execution for bottlenecks Trace.asp execution for bottlenecks Determine your 5 worst.asp files Determine your 5 worst.asp files Application Level Simulate sessions Simulate sessions Determine the number of machines needed Determine the number of machines needed
Performance Tuning Tools Profiling (Response.End) Profiling (Response.End) WebCat WebCat WebLoad WebLoad New ASP performance counters New ASP performance counters
Call to Action Install the Windows NT 5.0 Start building simple components in the language of your choosing Start building simple components in the language of your choosing Begin a pilot Windows DNA Application Project Expense Reporting Application Expense Reporting Application Internal Purchasing Application Internal Purchasing Application Write killer Windows DNA applications
Other PDC Talks Architecting Your Application For IIS 5.0 Debugging ASP Applications and Components Using the Microsoft XML Parser in the Middle Tier