Do Now (5/1/14): Pick up a note sheet from the back on your way in What particles exist in an atom? (on a new Do Now sheet) Rank those particles in order.

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Presentation transcript:

Do Now (5/1/14): Pick up a note sheet from the back on your way in What particles exist in an atom? (on a new Do Now sheet) Rank those particles in order of most massive to least massive (if you are not sure, guess)

Mass Defect, Binding Energy, and Nuclear Reactions 5/1/14

Mass Defect: The difference between the sum of the mass of the individual nucleon (proton or neutron) and the actual mass.

Example: Find the mass defect of a copper-63 nucleus if the actual mass of a copper-63 nucleus is amu Find the composition of the copper-63 nucleus and determine the combined mass of its components. Copper has 29 protons and copper-63 also has ( ) 34 neutrons. The mass of a proton is amu and a neutron is amu. The combined mass is calculated: 29 protons( amu/proton) + 34 neutrons( amu/neutron) or amu

Example: Find the mass defect of a copper-63 nucleus if the actual mass of a copper-63 nucleus is amu Calculate the mass defect. Dm = amu amu = amu

Binding Energy The energy equivalent of the mass defect; it is always negative  It is the minimum amount of energy needed to break the nucleus into its component nucleons.

Binding Energy of Alpha Particle For the alpha particle Δm= u which gives a binding energy of 28.3 MeV

It Takes a Lot More Energy to Split a Nucleus Than to Ionize an Atom

Practice: Work on the Mass Defect worksheet. Finish all mass defect and binding energy problems by the end of class for extra credit!

Do Now (5/2/14): 1.What is the mass defect of an alpha particle if its mass is u? 2.What is the binding energy of an alpha particle?

Nuclear Notation

Balancing Nuclear Decay Equations 92 U > 90 Th He 4 Subscripts are "proton numbers" Superscripts are "nucleon numbers" Proton and nucleon counts must be the same: 92 = =

Decay Sequence Alpha decay sequence: 235 U Po He + Th He + Pb 2 82

Decay Sequence Beta decay sequence: 14 C Ra N + e Ac + e 89 -1

Practice: Use the rest of class to work on “Mass Defect and Binding Energy” and “Nuclear Reactions.”