Comparing Fossil Fuel and Biofuel Combustion

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Presentation transcript:

Comparing Fossil Fuel and Biofuel Combustion

Short Introduction Methane: A non-renewable fossil fuel gas pumped from deep below the Earth’s surface from both coal and oil deposits. A major component of biogas - a renewable fuel that is produced from decaying plant and animal manure. Ethanol: Renewable liquid biofuel produced from several different types of plant material. Octane: A non-renewable liquid fossil fuel which is the major component of gasoline refined from crude oil.

A Quick Review Carbon-based fuels such as wood, coal, and gasoline supply energy. These fuels release exothermic energy during a combustion chemical reaction. The energy has been stored within the bonds of the molecules. The energy is released because the chemical bond energy of the products are less than the chemical bond energy of the reactants. The products of most combustion reactions include water and carbon dioxide

Bond Energy between two atoms Use the information in Table 1 to determine the energy in the bonds of each of the different molecules. TABLE 1: BOND ENERGY VALUES Bond Energy (kJ/mole) C - H 414.2 C - C 347.3 O - H 464.4 Bond Energy (kJ/mole) C - O 357.7 H - H 439.4 Bond Energy (kJ/mole) C = O 803.2 O = O 494.9

Calculating the Total Bond Energy of a molecule. TABLE 1: BOND ENERGY VALUES Structural Formula Bond Type Bond Energy (kJ/mole) # bonds in the molecule Total Bond Energy Methane: CH4

Part B - Calculating the Energy Released During Combustion Reactions Use the information in Table 1 to determine the energy in the bonds of each of the different reactant molecules. TABLE 1: BOND ENERGY VALUES Bond Energy (kJ/mole) C - H 414.2 C - C 347.3 O - H 464.4 Bond Energy (kJ/mole) C - O 357.7 H - H 436.0 Bond Energy (kJ/mole) C = O 803.3 O = O 497.9

PART 2: Calculating release energy CH4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

Part B - Calculating the Energy Released During METHANE Combustion Energy released = (total bond energy of products) - (total bond energy of all reactants) CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O REACTANTS Molecule Bond energy per molecule (kJ/mole) # of molecules Total bond energy (kJ/mole) CH4 1656.8 1 O2 497.9 2 995.8 Total Bond Energy in reactants = 2652.6 kJ/mole PRODUCTS Molecule Bond energy per molecule (kJ/mole) # of molecules Total bond energy (kJ/mole) CO2 1606.4 1 H2O 928.8 2 1857.6 Total Bond Energy in products = 3464.0 kJ/mole