12/13 Aim: What are the beliefs and practices of Christianity? Do Now: Study the chart on your handout then answer the questions that follow.

Tonight’s HW ½ page comparing Christianity to 2 other religions we have studied this year ½ page comparing Christianity to 2 other religions we have studied this year

Christian Church (Roman Catholic) Eastern OrthodoxRoman Catholic P R O T E S T A N T Anglican  Puritan  Methodist  Episcopal  Baptist  Quaker Calvinist  Presbyterian  Reformed Church Lutheran Anabaptists  Mennonite  Amish Roman Catholic

ReligionJudaism Christianity God(s)  Monotheistic  belief in one powerful god  Monotheistic  belief in one powerful god When the religion began  c 2000 B.C  c 30 A.D Brief History  Hebrews settled near Ur in Mesopotamia.  Diaspora (Scattering of people): Migration to Palestine then to Egypt where they were enslaved.  By 1000 B.C they set up the kingdom of Israel  Palestine, where most Jews lived, conquered by the Romans in 63 B.C  Jesus, a Jew, was born c 4 B.C in the Roman Empire  At age 30 he began preaching to crowds. Word spread that he had performed miracles. Claimed to be a messiah, or savior sent by God.  After the crucifixion of Jesus, Apostles, or those who spread Jesus’ message began spreading Christianity Sacred texts/laws  The Torah (First five books of the Bible’s Old Testament)  Laws: The Ten Commandments  The Bible (both Old and New Testament)  Laws: The Ten Commandments Treatment by the Romans  Tolerated by the Romans. Were excused from worshiping Roman Gods.  Persecuted by the Romans under emperor Nero and other rulers.  By 392 A.D, emperor Theodosius declared Christianity the official religion of Rome

Practices of Christianity Sacred Rituals: Recognition of the Sabbath (day of rest): Sunday Recognition of the Sabbath (day of rest): Sunday The Sabbath is the reason stores close early on Sundays! In America’s early days, blue laws prevented stores from opening at all on Sunday. Over time, these laws became less strict

Religious Holidays: Religious Holidays: Christmas – Celebration of Jesus’ birth Christmas – Celebration of Jesus’ birth Easter – Commemorates the belief in the day that Easter – Commemorates the belief in the day that Jesus rose from the dead and ascended into Jesus rose from the dead and ascended into heaven. heaven. Note: different Christian denominations celebrate Note: different Christian denominations celebrate different holidays: i.e Catholics recognize lent, different holidays: i.e Catholics recognize lent, most other Christians do not! most other Christians do not! Practices of Christianity: Sacred Rituals

The Catholic Sacraments Baptism Baptism Holy Communion Holy Communion Confirmation Confirmation Confession Confession Marriage Marriage Holy orders (ordination) Holy orders (ordination) Anointing of the sick Anointing of the sick