Front Line in Mass Production and Application of Fullerene November 16, 2004 Front Line in Mass Production and Application of Fullerene I am Hideki Murayama of Frontier Carbon Corporation. Fullerene is one of the typical carbon nano-materials, and is expected to be useful in a wide rage of industries as I will mention later It is the only pure carbon that can be dissolved in solvent and can be vaporized. Today I will talk about NVI for development of the fullerene market, And I would like to introduce some concrete examples of fullerene application and the current status of fullerene mass production, together with activities of Frontier Carbon Corporation. ------------------一般的セミナー---------------------------------------------- Fullerene is a third carbon form, after graphite and diamond. It is a promising nano-carbon material with its unique properties, but The high price and limited availability have been the main obstacle to the Development of fullerene market. Now, Frontier Carbon Corporation has cleared the obstacles. Today I will report the frontline of fullerene business and the activity of Frontier Carbon Corporation. Hideki Murayama, Ph.D. Vice President / General Manager of R&D Center Frontier Carbon Corporation

A Joint Venture : Frontier Carbon Corporation Mitsubishi Chemical Corp. Technology Platform - CB Technology - Separation/Purification Tech. - Chemical Modification Tech. - Application Technology Mitsubishi Corporation / Nanotech Partners Limited - Composition of Matter Patent*) 　 of FLNs: Licensed from FIC - Sales and Marketing - World-wide Network Frontier Carbon Corporation FCC is a joint venture between MCC and MC. MCC has expertise in CB technology, I mean the technologies to Design the reaction chamber and control of the flame conditions to produce fullerene soot, together with Separation/purification technologies to get fullerenes from the resulting soot, and further the technologies to Functioinalize fullerenes to prepare designed fullerene derivatives. MC licensed exclusively the composition of matter patent of fullerenes from FIC. And FCC sub-licensed from MC the composition of matter patent. MC has strong sales and marketing power in world-wide. FCC was founded in Dec. 2001, to make fullerenes as a practical material and support the market development With customers. *) Composition of Matter Patent for Fullerenes - Japan Issued　2802324 - Europe Issued EP0500914 - Australia Issued　653751 - USA　　 Under Examination

A Joint Venture : Frontier Carbon Corporation Capital: US$ 50MM (as of April. 2004) Shareholders: Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation 50 % Mitsubishi Corporation 23 % Nanotech Partners Ltd. 27 % Established Dec. 2001 Head Office: Tokyo, Japan Main Business: Production, Research & Sales of Nanocarbon Products (Fullerene and Related Compounds) Frontier Carbon Corporation is a joint venture between MC and MCC. FCC was founded in Dec. 2001, to make fullerenes as a practical material and support the market development with customers.

Organization of Frontier Carbon Corporation Board President Shigeki Tomonoh Research & Development Center Quality & Assurance Center Engineering Development Center Production Center Sales & Marketing Center Administration Center Application Development Quality Assurance Process Development Production Address 1-8-7, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku Tokyo 104-0031, Japan TEL: +81-3-5159-6880 FAX: +81-3-5159-6872 URL.http://www.f-carbon.com

Potential Applications of Fullerenes Magnetic Record Tonor Information/ Communication Photo Devise Diagnostic Agent Medicine Cosmetics Photosensitive Material Nonlinear Optical Element Bio/ Medicine Electrical Device Electron Accepter Cage Structure (connoted Metal) Super-Conductivity Sensor(Photo, Gas) Gas Separation Superconductivity circuit FET, Photolithography Environment Photo Absorbent Free Radical Scavenger Industrial Usage Low Thermal Conductivity This is a patent map for fullerene applications. Since fullerenes were produced with the small quantities for laboratory research in 1990, many articles and patents have been proposed for Fullerene applications. You can see fullerenes can be used in a wide range of industries and fields. For example from the field of Energy devices, Environment, Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, IT devices and to Industrial usages. Nanoporous Adsorption Catalyst Diamond Coating Polymer Additives Rubber Additives Value Added Films Energy/ Transport Nano-size Molecule Gas Storage Lithium Ion Battery Fuel Cell, Solar Cell

Available Fullerene Derivatives (FCC) HO OH H Porous FLNs Kg scale Kg scale Ph - Ｈ (Kg scale) PCBM O Customized fullerene derivatives In Partnership with Customers

The 1st FLN Product in Market Source: ABS Home Page Pin-action performances are improved by adding fullerenes to the resin. The first Bowling Ball Using Nano-technology 「ＮＡＮＯＤＥＳＵ」 Jan. 10, 2003 on sale ! The first fullerene product is a bowling ball. Japan Ebonite Corporation has a share of 70 % in the Bowling Ball market in Japan. They use our fullerene as an additive to the polymer resin of the ball to improve “Pin Action performances”, and it became a popular and long seller series of Bowling ball since January 2003.

Other Commercial Fullerene Products Ski Wax Fullerene is added to wax for Ski board to increase the performance Golf Club Head MAJESTY (Product name) Fullerene is added to titanium golf club to enhance metal strength. This lead to novel design in golf club Source: Aoyama Kagaku Source: maruman Home Page Engine Oil Kiwami (Product name) Fullerene is added to lubricants to increase the engine performance And in the last fall, Maruman Corporation introduced a new Golf Club. By using fullerene as a composite with titanium for Driver Heads. By adding fullerene, mechanical properties are improved with thickness of 70 % for that of previous titanium model, and that results in improved design to the balance of the Club head. And most of golf players can get additional 15 yards distance in average, they say. However this driver is fairly expensive, about 1,800 US$ for one club, but I heard the first model, named MAJESTY, has been sold more than 10,000. Most of the customers for this club are some special users or senior citizens. In the last March, next version has been appeared with a price of about 700 US$ for wide range of customers. Another example of fullerene product is an Engine Oil. In the HP of Bardahl Corporation, they state fullerene added engine oils keep high performances under severe conditions and the lifetime is improved. Unfortunately, the fullerene they currently use is not ours. In the next season, this coming winter, Aoyama Kagaku Corporation will start to sell a new series of Ski Wax by using fullerene as an additives. This is our fullerene. And Kansai-Coke and Chemicals published that they have developed a new Electric-Double layer Capacitor by using fullerene-related compounds at the electrode. The resulting material increased capacitance drastically compared to that of conventional activated carbon. Source: Bardahl Home Page

New Fullerene Products: Press Released in 2004 Autumn Golf Club Shaft GIII (Product name) Fullerene is added to GF composite of golf club shaft to enhance strength. Source: Daiwa Home Page Badminton Racket Nano Speed (Product name) Fullerene is added to CF composite of badminton Racket to enhance strength. Source: YONEX Home Page Spectacles Nextens (Product name) Fullerene is added to flames of Spectacles to increase strength and oil resistance. Source: Nagai Home Page

Fullerene Products in Market Soon: Some Examples・・・ Photo Resist Material （ＮＴＴ） A 90-nm pitch pattern is marked in 10WT% C60/C70@ZEP (film thickness:250nm) Photo: Courtesy by NTT 化学工業日報

Price of Fullerenes Year $ 10,000 Arc Method Combustion Method $ 1,000 $ 100 Price of Fullerenes / gram $ 10 40 t/y FCC pilot sample 　2002/5～ 300 t/y $ 1 FCC current 　2003/5～ 1500 t/y $ 0.1 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year

FCC Fullerene Plant in Japan Capacity : 40 tons / year In operation since May 2003 Land area　 ：1990 m2 Total floor area : 2000 m2 Plant height 　　 : 30 m　　

FCC creates a new industry with Fullerene, the carbon molecule, that will change the world as a key material for Nanotechnology.

Fullerene is now a practical material for industries Passion Logic Uniqueness http://www.f-carbon.com Fullerene is now a practical material for industries