This Briefing is UNCLASSIFIED Lt Gen Willie Shelton 14 AF (AFSTRAT)/CC 3 December 2008 Fourteenth Air Force Technology … the enabler of SSA 14 th Air Force (Air Forces Strategic) This Briefing is UNCLASSIFIED Integrity – Service - Excellence

UNCLASSIFIED Component-NAF to USSTRATCOM & JFCC SPACE for space operations Plan, task, direct, synchronize & execute space operations including: C2 of assigned & attached Space Forces Space Superiority Space Situational Awareness & Missile Warning Satellite & Network Operations Space Launch & Range Operations Organize, Train, & Assure Readiness of Space Forces Support AEF Deployments 2 CONTROL AND EXPLOIT SPACE FOR GLOBAL AND THEATER OPERATIONS 14 AF (AFSTRAT) Mission

UNCLASSIFIED ARSTRATNAVNETWARCOM Horizontal & Vertical Integration Synergized Tactical Execution JSpOC 614 AOC SPACE WINGS AFSPC(COMAFFOR) 14 AF (AFSTRAT) Reachback Command/Support Relationships Direct Support Supporting & Supported JFSOCC JFMCC JFLCC Assigned / Attached Forces Forces Assigned / Attached Forces Forces Assigned / Attached Forces Forces GeographicCOCOM GeographicCOCOM GeographicCOCOM JAOC JFACC Assigned / Attached Forces Forces DIRSPACEFOR JFC GeographicCombatantCDRs * Assuming JFC Delegates SCA to JFACC Space Coordinating Authority Space Coordinating Authority * 614 AOC 14 AF (AFSTRAT) USSTRATCOM Assigned / Attached Forces Forces JFCC SPACE 3

UNCLASSIFIED 4 Scenario # 1 Nation X covertly rolls out mobile TEL w/ booster US not postured due to lack of I&W First warning: DSP satellites What is it? Where is it going? Further tracking: space launch Is it a threat to US/Allied spacecraft? Booster burnout, tracking ends No radar coverage, so how do we proceed? Phone conversations to verify health of assets

UNCLASSIFIED 5 Scenario # 2 High value US LEO spacecraft suddenly stops transmitting Telemetry indicates quick rise in temp just prior Further analysis: spacecraft was over Nation Y laser research facility at time of failure Challenge: Anomaly or laser attack? Accident?

UNCLASSIFIED 6 Scenario # 3 US satellite in HEO is a “no-show” at scheduled tracking time Over open ocean after last SSN track Multiple pieces later tracked Questions: Explosion? Attack? Debris?

UNCLASSIFIED ~ The Space Environment Today ~2025 Evolution from few, military only assets to many, multi-agency, civil assets

UNCLASSIFIED “Traffic Management” Example Routine orbital conjunction screening revealed possible conjunction between an active US Weather Satellite and a piece of debris of unknown origin Close conjunction predicted for 7 Aug 08 – 42 meter predicted miss distance – Approx 14,400 MPH closing velocity of the approach – Satellite did not have capability to perform collision avoidance maneuvers Post-event analysis shows final miss distance at time of closest approach only 67 meters

UNCLASSIFIED 9 Space utilization is growing, increasing exposure to hazards within the medium, while technology drives the threat –Access to space is cheaper & more widely available –Space is more crowded than ever (18,000+ man-made objects, including debris) –Improved & smaller spacecraft technologies provide challenges –Jamming, attacks on ground sites, ASATs, High Energy Lasers, NUDETs Need for Protection (Dependence and Risk Vulnerability) “United States national security is critically dependent on space capabilities, and this dependence will grow.” National Space Policy, 2006 Protection is about Preservation—requires Recognition & Attribution –Must be able to say an event “will, is or has” & answer “who, what (threat or hazard), why, how, when & where” –Early recognition allows preservation—attribution enables response Demand PROTECTION of Space Assets Create OPERATIONAL & PHYSICAL VULNERABILITIES DEPENDENCE on Space Assets INCREASING RISK from Environmental Hazards

UNCLASSIFIED 10 Space Control SSADCSOCS Space Force Enhancement Spc WX ISR PNT SATCOM Space Support Launch TT&C C2 SPACE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS Intelligence SpaceSurveillance SystemStatus Environment SPACE CAPABILITIES CREATE EFFECTS SPACE CAPABILITIES CREATE EFFECTS TO ACHIEVE SPACE SUPERIORITY TO ACHIEVE SPACE SUPERIORITY Enabling Space Superiority

UNCLASSIFIED 11 Combatant Cmdr Reqs Combatant Cmdr Reqs Diplomatic Actions Protect Assets Maneuver Assets Change Tasking Eliminate Threat Go on Alert Continue to Monitor Diplomatic Actions Protect Assets Maneuver Assets Change Tasking Eliminate Threat Go on Alert Continue to Monitor COLLABORATIVE DECISION ENVIRONMENT Attribute Events Actor / Natural Event / Sys Failure Attribute Events Actor / Natural Event / Sys Failure Modeling & Decision Tools Modeling & Decision Tools Vision for SSA/Space C2 Near Real-time Fusion BLUE SPACE RED SPACE GRAY SPACE INTEL (All Source) WEATHER METRIC / SURV GRND SYS LINKS & NODES TACTICAL COA TOOLS TACTICAL COA TOOLS OPERATIONAL COA TOOLS OPERATIONAL COA TOOLS STRATEGIC COA TOOLS STRATEGIC COA TOOLS FULL SPECTRUM RESPONSE NETCENTRIC C2 CAPABILITIES Net-centric from the outset STRATEGIC UDOP TACTICAL UDOP REAL TIME UPDATES OPERATIONAL UDOP DATA becomes INFORMATION that ENABLES ACTION 11

UNCLASSIFIEDJSpOC Space Situational Awareness Command and Control Weather Weather Blue Space Picture Blue Space Picture Red/Grey Picture Red/Grey Picture Debris Tracking Debris Tracking Shared Situational Awareness Shared Situational Awareness Strategic, Operational, Tactical Strategic, Operational, Tactical Enable UDOP Enable UDOP COCOM Needs COA Development COA Selection Execution Assessment Retasking Offensive Counterspace Offensive Counterspace Tactical Units (Joint) Tactical Units (Joint) Deny Space Advantages Deny Space Advantages Defensive Counterspace Defensive Counterspace Tactical Units (Joint) Tactical Units (Joint) NRO NRO Civil/Commercial Civil/Commercial Allies Allies Routine Space Ops Routine Space Ops Tactical Units (Joint) Tactical Units (Joint) Create Desired Effects Create Desired Effects Dynamic Tasking Dynamic Tasking Space Ops Directive Master Space Plan Joint Space Tasking Order JFCC SPACE Synchronization

I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x c e l l e n c e Mission Partner interface Monitor Assess Plan Execute JSpOC JFCC SPACE supports National, Strategic, Theater, and Tactical Operations AFSPCNRO NOAADIA AFWAFAA US DOTDOS CFENORAD STRATCOCOMS ARMYNAVY CIANSA NGANASA FOREIGNNASIC COMMERCIAL SPECIAL

UNCLASSIFIED Conclusion Threats are real and exist today! SSA Conjunction analysis Satellite Ops Launch Ops Threat Determination Robust, all-source Intel + High resolution, timely space surveillance = Enabling SSA Pre-season is over – regular season has begun

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