MALVINO Electronic PRINCIPLES SIXTH EDITION
JFETs Chapter 13
Junction field effect transistor (JFET) Drain G n Gate p p S VDD D VGG G Source S
JFET Unipolar device (one polarity of charge carrier) Voltage controlled (gate voltage controls drain current) High input impedance No minority carrier storage Source and drain are interchangeable in most low-frequency applications
Drain family of curves 10 0 V 8 VGS 6 -1 V ID in mA 4 -2 V 2 -3 V -4 V 5 10 15 20 VDS in Volts
Drain curves With VGS = 0 the drain current is maximum at IDSS VP = the pinchoff voltage When VDS = VP the depletion layers almost touch With VDS > VP the JFET acts as a current source VGS(off) = -VP
IDSS 10 0 V 8 VP = 4 volts VGS Constant current region 6 -1 V ID in mA 4 -2 V 2 -3 V -4 V 5 10 15 20 VDS in Volts VGS(off)
Ohmic region VP separates the active region from the ohmic region. The ohmic region is the almost vertical part of the drain curve. In this region, a JFET acts as a resistor. RDS = VP/IDSS
10 0 V 8 Ohmic region VGS 6 -1 V ID in mA 4 -2 V 2 -3 V -4 V 5 10 15 20 VDS in Volts
( ) Transconductance curve 10 8 ID = IDSS 1- VGS VGS(off) 2 6 ID in mA 4 2 -4 -3 -2 -1 VGS in volts
and ID(sat) << IDSS. Gate bias is suitable for the ohmic region. +VDD +VDD RD RDS Equivalent circuit RD ID(sat) = VDD RD Use 0 volts for VGS and ID(sat) << IDSS. RG -VGG
Q point in the ohmic region 10 0 V 8 VGS ID(sat) Q 6 -1 V ID in mA 4 -2 V 2 -3 V -4 V 5 10 15 20 VDS in Volts VDD ID RDS
Gate bias is not suitable RD R2 +VDD R1 RS Voltage-divider bias Gate bias is not suitable for the active region. ID(sat) = VDD RD + RS VS = VG - VGS VG - VGS RS IDQ =
Q point in the active region 10 0 V 8 VGS ID(sat) 6 -1 V ID in mA 4 Q -2 V 2 -3 V -4 V 5 10 15 20 VDS in Volts VDD
Transconductance Tells how effective the gate voltage is in controlling the drain current. gm = id/vgs Common units for JFETs are the micromho (mmho) or the more modern microsiemen (mS). gm is the slope of the transconductance curve. gm0 is the maximum value and occurs at VGS = 0.
( ) Transconductance curve 8 1- VGS VGS(off) gm = gm0 6 4 ID in mA 2 Max. slope gm0 8 1- VGS VGS(off) ( ) gm = gm0 6 Larger slope 4 ID in mA 2 -4 -3 -2 -1 Smaller slope VGS in volts
Common-source amplifier +VDD rd = RD RL A = gmrd RD R1 vout RL R2 vin RS
Source follower +VDD rs = RS RL RD R1 gmrs A = 1 + gmrs R2 vin RS vout
vout vin VGS Shunt analog switch RD vin < 100 mV RD >> RDS Series analog switch vout vin VGS RD Better on-off ratio than the shunt switch
Multiplexer vin1 vin2 vin3 vout RD V1 V2 V3
Voltage-controlled resistance Operates in the ohmic region with VGS values between 0 and cutoff. Works well for ac signals of 200 mVPP or less. Small-signal resistance: rds = VDS/ID As VGS becomes more negative, rds increases. Both series and shunt operation can be used.